Flexibility, utilisation value and energy saving are the three main requirements for utility buildings (administration, office and public buildings, schools, hospitals, etc.). Apart from recouping investment costs, so-called life-cycle costs are also becoming increasingly important. These are made up of the investment costs (construction costs and planning) and all operating costs arising during the life …
How heat pump works?
The heat pump transfers the heat between the heating/cooling distribution system and the earth connection. It is the basic building block of the GSHP system. The most common type of heat pump used with GSHP systems is a “water-to-air” unit ranging in size from 3.5 kW to 35 kW of cooling capacity. The water-to-air designation …
District heating – heat from a central boiler plant
District heating is a system which provides a number of buildings with heat from a central boiler plant through pre-insulated pipes. (Pre-insulated pipes are in fact a modern kind of heat culvert or district heating duct, but since these systems nowadays are pre-manufactured, they will from here on be referred to as pre-insulated pipes.) The …
Energy Efficency In Hospitals – Cogeneration (part 6)
Cogeneration is combined generation of heat and electricity. The advantage of cogeneration is that it enables the heat released by electricity generation to be used. The most well-known form of cogeneration is an electricity generator powered by an internal combustion engine, with the heat released by the engine being used to produce steam and/or hot …
Energy Efficency In Hospitals – Compressed air
Compressed air is an essential form of energy for a hospital. Depending on the requirements it can be divided into: – Medical compressed air and – Technical compressed air Medical compressed air Medical compressed air has many uses in a hospital. Examples include assisted respiration for patients and driving surgical tools. Very strict requirements are …
Energy Efficency In Hospitals – HVAC (part 2)
In the following chapters we look at a number of case studies for energy saving options. These are subdivided into the following areas: – HVAC – Compressed air – Steam – Lighting – Cogeneration For each of these areas we first give a general explanation, followed by some practical examples taken from various studies carried …
