Energy and Power
Rules of Thumb In Substation Control and Trip Circuit Design
What are the trip circuits, and what do they do? Well, trip circuits are a small part of the control circuitry that exists within a substation, which provides functionality for protection, control, metering, and monitoring. Reliable design of trip circuits… Read more
Oct 27, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Top Busbar Protection Issues That Worry Protection Engineers
A busbar protection must be capable of clearing all phase-to-earth faults, and in the case where they can occur, phase-to-phase faults. Policy regarding fault clearance times required from busbar protection varies from utility to utility. Due to the fact that… Read more
Oct 13, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
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Hidden Problems in Commissioning of Power Plants (You’re not Counting On)
Commissioning of a power plant or an industrial plant is not that simple, on contrary, it’s full of hidden traps and logical challenges. In power plants, the generating units are substantial operational blocks, tested individually alongside the water or fuel…...
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Oct 06, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Top Issues that Seriously Worry Substation Designers
Technology development has gone mad. Everything is automated, what’s needed and what’s not needed, and that’s definitely not good. Substation equipment, especially secondary systems, becomes obsolete and hard to maintain in a very short time. The main question is how… Read more
Sep 29, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Cutting-edge technology utilized in modern substations (that every engineer SHOULD learn)
The design of substations is to deliver a cost-effective solution that, to the extent feasible, exhibits high availability, reliability, and operational flexibility. This rule applies to both newly constructed and 40-year-old substations from a utility standpoint. Although this is feasible,…...
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Sep 22, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Why We Still Ignore Intentional Destructive Electromagnetic Threats to Power Systems
Times have changed. If we are to tell the truth, the world war is already well underway. This article will explain what the consequences of the intentional use of destructive electromagnetic attacks on the power system actually are. There are… Read more
Sep 15, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
The Most Costly Traps in the Engineering of a Substation Automation System (SAS)
The development of the engineering process is crucial in any SAS project. Sometimes it takes longer than expected and in extreme scenarios may put corporate deadlines for accomplishing entire substation projects at risk. There are several main factors that can… Read more
Sep 01, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Substation Safety and Switching Rules You MUST Follow
This technical article describes the safety rules the switching operator must comply with when undertaking switching, and providing access for others required to work on the electrical network. We’ll describe the critical matters relating to safe switching operations, it is…...
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Aug 25, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Thumb Rules for Working in Switchyard and HV Areas
To be honest, working at switchyards and substations requires a thorough and true understanding of hazards and control measures before progressing to Power System Access. Only individuals with the proper authorization should operate within switchyards or high voltage zones. Engineers… Read more
Aug 18, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Checks for Successful Substation Factory Acceptance Testing
This technical article will go over various aspects of factory acceptance testing (FAT) for custom prefabricated power substation and its related electrical components (such as MV and LV switchgear, MV-LV Motor Control Centre (MCC), UPS systems, AC/DC auxuliary power supply…...
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Aug 11, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
A Closer Look at the Transformer Cooling Equipment
I’m sure that you are already aware of how important cooling is for a transformer’s lifespan. A rise of 55 to 65 degrees Celsius is the typical design for transformers. Modern insulations like Nomex make it possible to reach temperatures… Read more
Aug 04, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
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How to estimate transformer performance and characteristics
Assuming that you have a general understanding of transformer parameters and IEC Standards in use, this technical article is aimed at providing a variety of tools and data to make an educated assessment of the principal transformer performance ratings. Derived…...
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Jul 28, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy Generation
Mistakes in generator protection that operators often make
Protecting a generator requires more than just a single relay. It’s a system that includes auxiliary relays, communication with SCADA or similar systems, wiring from CTs and PTs (sometimes called VTs), and protective relays, which can be standalone devices or… Read more
Jul 21, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
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What to expect from an old GIS, and what are the options for support and life extension
Every new GIS switchgear eventually gets old and obsolete at the end of its lifetime. Problems with GIS, as with every other switchgear type, typically start after the midpoint of the lifecycle. This is the point at which the end…...
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Jun 30, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Best Practice in Substation Oil Containment
Numerous firms in emerging sectors offer conceptual substation oil containment solutions that remain unproven yet have been deployed. This has resulted in several installations of containment systems that are functionally ineffective. There have been and continue to be assertions that… Read more
Jun 23, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
