Power Substation
Thumb Rules for Working in Switchyard and HV Areas
To be honest, working at switchyards and substations requires a thorough and true understanding of hazards and control measures before progressing to Power System Access. Only individuals with the proper authorization should operate within switchyards or high voltage zones. Engineers… Read more
Aug 18, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Maintenance
Practical lesson in grounding and bonding of Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS)
With the exception of SF6-to-air bushings terminals, all active portions of gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) are contained within grounded enclosures, which means that they are not susceptible to inadvertent contact. This makes gas-insulated switchgear intrinsically safe. In addition, numerous grounding procedures… Read more
Oct 09, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
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Handy earthing guidelines for true engineers
In the world of electrical engineering, ensuring the safety and reliability of power systems is paramount. A critical aspect of this is the proper implementation of earthing and bonding systems. This article delves into the fundamental concepts and applications of…...
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Jul 29, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Energy and Power
What does bonding (bonded) mean and what does NEC article 250 say about it?
The National Electrical Code (NEC) covers grounding and bonding in several articles, but the primary coverage is in Article 250. Typical commercial electrical systems are grounded systems. Within the system, some things are grounded… some things are bonded. The terms… Read more
Jul 21, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Practice for good grounding and bonding a home wiring system
All home electrical systems must be bonded and grounded according to code standards. This entails two tasks: First, the metal water and gas pipes must be connected electrically to create a continuous low resistance path back to the main electrical… Read more
Jun 19, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
How electricians test continuity of protective conductors
For all protective conductors, including main and supplementary bonding conductors, electricians must perform continuity test using a low-reading ohmmeter. For main equipotential bonding, there is no single fixed value of resistance above which the conductor would be deemed unsuitable. Each… Read more
Feb 06, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Practices for grounding and bonding of cable trays
Cable tray may be used as the Equipment Grounding Conductor (EGC) in any installation where qualified persons will service the installed cable tray system. There is no restriction as to where the cable tray system is installed. The metal in… Read more
Feb 26, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Equipotential Bonding For Metal Installations
The electrical low voltage consumer’s installation requiring certain earthing resistances (disconnection conditions of the protective elements) and the foundation earth electrode providing good earthing resistances at cost-effective installation, the foundation earth electrode is an optimal and effective complement of the… Read more
Jul 26, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What is the difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing?
One of the most misunderstood and confused concept is difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing. Bonding is more clear word compare to Grounding and Earthing, but there is a micro difference between Grounding and Earthing. Earthing and Grounding are actually… Read more
Sep 27, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
Cables
EHV/HV Underground Cable Sheath Earthing (part 2/2)
Continued from previous part: EHV/HV Cable Sheath Earthing (part 1/2) Link Box is electrically and mechanically one of the integral accessories of HV underground above ground cable bonding system, associated with HV XLPE power cable systems. Link boxes are used… Read more
Jan 21, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
EHV/HV Underground Cable Sheath Earthing (part 1/2)
In urban areas, high voltage underground cables are commonly used for the transmission and distribution of electricity. Such high voltage cables have metallic sheaths or screens surrounding the conductors, and/or armour and metallic wires surrounding the cables. During earth faults… Read more
Jan 19, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
