Electronics
The ground is not just ground! At least not in hospitals, medical, and dental practices
This technical article analyzes the safety requirements against indirect contact employed in particularly special medical locations (e.g., hospitals, medical, and dental practices, etc.), where environmental conditions may increase the risk of indirect contact and therefore the electroshock, precisely microshock. Generally… Read more
Nov 21, 2022 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Distribution earthing systems in LV/MV networks (design instructions and precautions)
The electrical earthing system is designed to provide safe and correct operation of the network under normal, earth fault, and transient conditions. During earth fault conditions, large fault currents may flow via the general mass of the earth en route… Read more
Jun 02, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Twelve doubts in ground testing that make electrical engineers pretty confused
Ground testing is often misunderstood by electrical engineers and technicians who do not perform such testing often and regularly. It seems that there are a lot of questions and doubts on testing the ground. This technical article, based on Transcat’s… Read more
May 06, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
The art of determining the right cross-section of low voltage conductors
To be clear at the beginning of this article, determining the cross-section of conductors and cables is, for sure, not the most exciting part of electrical design. There are much more challenging and more exciting parts than staring at endless… Read more
Mar 16, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Practical steps in the design of a substation grounding
Grounding at power substations is extremely important. The grounding system provides the ground connection for the grounded neutral for transformers, reactors, and capacitors and also the discharge path for lightning rods, arresters, gaps, and similar devices. It ensures safety to…...
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Mar 29, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Premium Content
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Earthing In a Nutshell (Classification, Isolated Neutral, Methods Of Neutral Grounding)
The term earthing or grounding means connecting the non-current-carrying parts of the electrical equipment or the neutral point of the supply system to the general mass of earth in such a manner that all times an immediate discharge of electrical…...
Membership Upgrade Required
This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
Spring Gift! - 20% Off on Pro Membership Plan with coupon 110KVAC
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May 18, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Five key factors to the correct cable selection and application
It is essential to know cable construction, characteristics, and ratings to understand problems related to cable systems. However, to correctly select a cable system and assure its satisfactory operation, additional knowledge is required. This knowledge may consist of service conditions,… Read more
Oct 31, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Why is Good Grounding Important And What Can You Do About It?
The transient nature of lightning with its associated fast rise times and large magnitude currents mean that special consideration needs to be given to the good grounding, for lightning protection to be effective. Many factors such as soil resistivity variations,… Read more
Jul 04, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Shielding and Grounding Practices for Control Cables in EHV Substations
For several years, the increased application of solid-state devices for protective relaying and control and for electronic equipment, such as audio tones, carrier and microwave equipment, event recorders, and supervisory control equipment, in EHV substations has resulted in many equipment… Read more
May 20, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Electrical installations where use of TN-C-S system is prohibited
A real danger can arise when the non-current-carrying metalwork of an installation is connected to the system’s neutral, as is the case with a TN-C-S-fed system. The ground system is effectively in parallel with the neutral and can thus share… Read more
Nov 06, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Analysis of pole-mounted MV/LV transformer grounding
Let’s discuss in some detail the reasons for the grounding philosophy adopted for pole-mounted MV/LV transformer substations illustrated in Figure 0. Contents: LV grounding MV grounding Combined MV/LV grounding Separate MV/LV grounding MV electrode LV electrode Pole transformer basics (VIDEO)… Read more
Sep 23, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Nine Recommended Practices for Grounding
Grounding and bonding are the basis upon which safety and power quality are built. The grounding system provides a low-impedance path for fault current and limits the voltage rise on the normally non-current-carrying metallic components of the electrical distribution system…. Read more
Mar 06, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Clean vs dirty ground – Bonding of isolated, common & integrated grounding systems
In this article we covered in detail the physics related to lightning phenomenon and how the surges due to lightning strokes are safely conducted to ground using a lightning protection system consisting of air terminations, down conductors and grounding electrodes…. Read more
Dec 05, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
6 Factors Influencing Requirements for a Good Grounding System
In an industrial plant or other facility that requires a grounding system, one or more of the following must be carefully considered (refer to Figure 1 below): Limiting to definite values the voltage to earth of the entire electrical system…. Read more
Jun 06, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
What Is a Good Ground Resistance Value?
The goal in ground resistance (or earth resistance) is to achieve the lowest ground resistance value possible, that makes sense economically and physically, when contacting the earth, also known as the soil/ground rod interface. Ideally, a ground should be zero… Read more
Oct 02, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
