A must-have checklist for IEC 61850 communications in digital substations
This article aims to inform the reader of important considerations when designing an IEC 61850 based substation communication system. There is a brief background introduction to substation communications, to give the reader context for the implementation of IEC 61850 based…...
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Apr 22, 2024 | By Kitab Paul Shah
The Brain of a Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS): The Bay Local Control Cabinet (LCC)
A local control cabinet (LCC) is commonly installed at each bay location to house the wiring of the GIS bay circuits and connect it to the substation control room. The LCC comprises a mimic diagram, switches, indicators, and annunciator interlocks,… Read more
Apr 15, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Intricacies of a breaker pole discrepancy and its implications for substation operation
This article delves into the realm of pole discrepancy in high voltage circuit breakers, shedding light on its mechanisms, applications, and the pivotal role it plays in enhancing system reliability. From understanding the choice between gang (three-pole) and independent (single-pole)…...
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Apr 08, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Practical Design Rules for Protection System Engineers
Relay protection and the whole bunch of protection system engineering around the substation are quite interesting from the point of view of creativity. The Control and Protection System technology in a substation is very important because it watches over, protects,…...
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Apr 01, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Circuit breaker schematics in a nutshell: Tripping, closing and blocking coil arrangements
This technical article embarks on a comprehensive exploration of various facets of circuit breaker technology, traversing from the fundamental principles of solenoid coils to the sophisticated mechanisms of SF6 density monitoring circuits. Delving into the intricacies of circuit breaker tripping…...
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Mar 25, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
What steps should be taken to avoid choosing the incorrect current and voltage transformers?
Electrical systems normally use current and voltage transformers for protection and measurement purposes. They represent the power system’s eyes and ears, and it’s essential to fully understand how they work, how to make the correct specification and most importantly, the… Read more
Mar 18, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Mastering DC supply selection schemes for HV control and protection panels
In this article, we will explore various aspects related to DC supply selection schemes, the rationale behind their necessity, and the importance of redundancy and reliability in maintaining uninterrupted power to control and protection panels. Additionally, we will delve into…...
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Mar 11, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Transformers in plant power distribution: The bigger picture
This technical article provides an overview of the various choices and assists electrical engineers in determining the criteria that should be included in the transformer specifications in order to meet the requirements of their particular application. A power plant often… Read more
Mar 04, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
The analysis of relay control systems: Electrical schematics with latch, step and lockout relays
To be honest, expertise in relay systems is fundamental for comprehension and creativity in circuits design. From bi-stable relays that maintain their states without continuous power to step relays facilitating incremental changes, and lockout relays guarding against unauthorized reenergization, each…...
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Feb 26, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Which types of power generating plants are worth planning and constructing nowadays?
Power generating plants are always a capital investment in all countries across the world. Not many countries are building new generating plants nowadays. As we all feel, a worldwide energy crisis of unparalleled severity and complexity is currently underway. The… Read more
Feb 19, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Mastering schematic drawings: Analyzing seal-in contacts in motor control circuits
In the domain of electrical engineering, seal-in contacts stand as pivotal components in control circuits, ensuring the sustained operation of electrical devices beyond the initial activation. These mechanisms play a critical role in maintaining the energized state of circuit elements,…...
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Feb 12, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Substation control and monitoring systems: The eyes and ears of every power system
To ensure the substation is run efficiently, a control and monitoring systems are needed. These systems should display the current status of all plant equipment, including alarms and secondary system indicators. They should also provide digital outputs to open and… Read more
Feb 05, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
A journey through components commonly found in control and protection schematics
In this article, we embark on a journey through various components commonly found in various electrical diagrams, control and protection schematics, shedding light on their functions, symbols, and significance in the grand orchestration of electrical systems. These are extremely important…...
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Jan 29, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
What can go wrong with the nuclear power plant in the case of a grid loss: What to do?
Acquiring the skill to operate a nuclear reactor bears resemblance to acquiring the skill to pilot an aircraft. The majority of airplane pilots rapidly acquire proficiency in performing take-offs and landings. The process that requires significant time and exertion, particularly… Read more
Jan 22, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Want to learn to analyze electrical schematics? Great! But first, you must understand these.
This technical article delves into a diverse array of switches and components that are fundamental to the operation and control of electrical systems. Starting with the basics like TURN, PULL, and PUSH switches, we navigate through the intricacies of latching…...
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Jan 15, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
