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Substation Pre-commissioning and Testing Handbook
Testing equipment that has advanced features is accessible to protection engineers to optimize the performance of the power system. The advancement and use of cutting-edge tools make the testing failsafe and efficient in protecting expensive substation equipment. Consequently, ongoing technological adoption… Read more
Load flow analysis of 138/69 kV substation using ETAP (Electrical Transient & Analysis Program)
In this study, a load flow analysis is performed to a 138/69 kV substation using ETAP software (shortener for Electrical Transient & Analysis Program). The scope of this report encompasses the load flow results, and explains how these were used… Read more
Engineering Drawings for the 100 MW Solar Project (PDF)
The engineering drawings spanning civil, mechanical, and electrical domains provide a blueprint for constructing a robust, efficient, and highly scalable renewable energy facility. This article delves into the critical sections of the engineering drawings, highlighting the intricate details that form… Read more
Finding the best locations and sizes of capacitor banks within an electric network
The problem described in this thesis consists on finding the best locations and sizes of capacitor banks within an electric network in order to optimize their performance. In optimization, the choice of location and sizing becomes a search for the… Read more
A Guide to Power Transformer Testing and Commissioning Procedures (PDF)
The reliability of a nation’s electrical grid hinges on the integrity of its core components, and few assets are as critical as power transformers. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the rapid expansion of industrial, commercial, and residential infrastructure demands… Read more
Electrical troubleshooter for AC/DC circuits, relays, contactors and PLCs
This “Study Guide” is designed to provide the electrical troubleshooter with a review of, and the mechanical troubleshooter with an introduction of, basic electrical skills needed for him/her to safely and more efficiently carry out their duties in the plant… Read more
Relay Coordination Study: Calculation of the protective relays setting value to obtain selectivity
The scope of study involves calculating the settings for protective relays to achieve selectivity during faults ocurring in the electrical network for the 13.8 kV and 4.16 kV projects. The protective philosophy is fundamentally grounded on the understanding that faults or… Read more
Earthing Systems and Earth Fault Protection Study
The most common faults in a distribution network are earth faults, which can occasionally go undetected by conventional protection methods. When the earth fault current is too low to activate the sensitive earth fault protection, this could happen. Making sure… Read more
The Basics of Circuit Breakers For Electrical Engineers (additional info for practical usage)
Continuous overload current leads to unacceptable temperature-rise, accelerated ageing of the insulating material, increased wear and ultimately faulty operation of the connected equipment. Similar to a bimetallic thermal overload relay, a circuit breaker is suitable for: Starting and running under… Read more
CT saturation in industrial applications – Analysis and application guidelines
It is possible that relatively low-ratio CTs are applied for protective relaying of small loads fed from switchgear and motor controllers of relatively high short-circuit capacity. Assume the worst-case scenario of 64kA available fault current from bus feeding a small… Read more
Online partial discharge measurements as a proven way to diagnose power cables
Transmission and distribution of large quantities of power, as in power networks, can be established in two ways: with overhead lines (or overhead cables) and with underground power cables. In the early days of electrification, cable technology was just in… Read more
Power quality and economics of integration of distributed generation in LV networks
The interconnection with the network is a complicated procedure that involves the realization of a distributed generation (DG) application. The DG operation is usually referred to as synchronised or parallel operation. In this configuration the DG is connected to the… Read more
General
Engineering Guides
Engineering Guides
Becoming the good electrical engineer requires a lot of passion, training and commitment. This comprehensive section is prepared as a resource for individuals and professionals interested in the electrical engineering career path.
In this section you will find very usefull books and guides related to electrical science in general, AC/DC electrical circuits, network protection, electrical installations, lighting etc.
BrowsePower Substation
Handbooks
Handbooks
Substation engineers nowdays are involved in projects from design and conceptualization to maintenance. Because of the wide range of industries using electrical engineers, many engineers specialize in some of the sub-discipline of electrical engineering.
Depending on background and expertise, projects can include systems such as energy transmission and distribution, protection and control etc.
BrowseMS Excel Spreadsheets
(XLS, XLSX)
(XLS, XLSX)
This section is dedicated to tools every electrical engineer can use in daily work. These spreadsheets developed by enthusiasts will make your job much more easier, alowing you to shorten the time used for endless calculations of power cables, voltage drop, power factor, circuit breakers, capacitors, cable size, power transformers etc.
Just to mention that all calculation spreadsheets are FREE for download!
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