Transformers
Right Choice of Dry Type or Liquid-Filled Transformer
1. Two Types of Transformers 2. Cooling and insulating system 3. Losses 4. Operating Life of Transformer 5. Maintainability 6. Repairability 7. Core/Coil Reclamation and Recycling 8. Operating Sound Level and Noise Pollution 9. Footprint 0. Conclusion Information on the… Read more
Sep 29, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Overview of Single Phase Induction Type Energy Meter
Single phase induction type energy meter is also popularly known as watt-hour meter. This name is given to it. This article is only focused about its constructional features and its working. Induction type energy meter essentially consists of following components:… Read more
Sep 28, 2012 | By Bipul Raman
Energy and Power
What is the difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing?
One of the most misunderstood and confused concept is difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing. Bonding is more clear word compare to Grounding and Earthing, but there is a micro difference between Grounding and Earthing. Earthing and Grounding are actually… Read more
Sep 27, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
Energy and Power
How Sensitive Circuits Are Affected By Noise And What Can You Do About It?
Noise is only important if it is measured in relation to the communication signal, which carries the data or information. Electronic receiving circuits for digital communications have a broad voltage range, which determines whether a signal is binary bit ‘1’… Read more
Sep 26, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Inspection of Ground-Fault Protection Systems
This type of protection is defined by the NEC (National Electrical Code) to ensure protection against fire on electrical power installations. To ensure protection against fire: The NEC defines the use of an RCD with very low sensitivity called GFP IEC… Read more
Sep 25, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Testing and Commissioning of Metal-Clad Switchgear
Electrical testing and commissioning of Metal-Clad switchgear is essential to the safe start for the first time, regardless of its size, type or industry. This article covers testing and start-up / commisioning procedures for all the components of medium voltage… Read more
Sep 24, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Surge Protection of Electronic Equipment
Generally, power circuits have components that have large thermal capacities, which make it impossible for them to attain very high temperatures quickly except during very large or long disturbances. This requires correspondingly large surge energies. Also, the materials that constitute… Read more
Sep 22, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Introduction to Static Protection Relays
The term ‘static’ implies that the relay has no moving parts. This is not strictly the case for a static relay, as the output contacts are still generally attracted armature relays. In a protection relay, the term ‘static’ refers to… Read more
Sep 21, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What is the purpose of equipotential bonding?
Equipotential bonding is essentially an electrical connection maintaining various exposed conductive parts and extraneous conductive parts at substantially the same potential. An earthed equipotential zone is one within which exposed conductive parts and extraneous conductive parts are maintained at substantially… Read more
Sep 20, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Design of Overhead Transmission Line Foundation
The foundation is the name given to the system which transfers to the ground the various steady state (dead) and variable (live) loads developed by the transmission tower and conductors. Foundations may be variously subjected to compressive or bearing forces,… Read more
Sep 19, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Transformers
Differences between Shunt Reactor and Power Transformer
Shunt Reactor and Transformer both appear similar in construction. Reactors are also often equipped with Fans for cooling similar to Power Transformers. However, there are major differences between the two. While a Power Transformer is designed for efficient power transfer… Read more
Sep 18, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Definition of Harmonics and Their Origin
The Fourier theorem states that all non-sinusoidal periodic functions can be represented as the sum of terms (i.e. a series) made up of: A sinusoidal term at the fundamental frequency, Definition of Harmonics and Their Origin Sinusoidal terms (harmonics) whose… Read more
Sep 17, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Transmission and Distribution
Qatar General Electricity and Water Corporation – Recommendations for Safety Clearance
Service Vertical Clearance (Min) Water Line (to cross below EHV cable level) 0.5 Meter Sewerage Mains (to cross below EHV cable level) 1.0 Meter Drainage Mains (to cross below EHV cable level) 0.5 Meter Gas pipes 0.6 Meter Telephone lines… Read more
Sep 15, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
Energy and Power
Functions Performed by Electrical Switchgear
National and international standards define the method for making electrical distribution circuits as well as the purpose and functions of switchgear. There are three main functions, namely: Circuit protection takes three main fault types into account: Overloads, Short-circuits (Both of which… Read more
Sep 14, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Metering
Analog signals in measurement and control of physical processes
Instrumentation is a field of study and work centering on measurement and control of physical processes. These physical processes include pressure, temperature, flow rate, and chemical consistency. An instrument is a device that measures and/or acts to control any kind… Read more
Sep 13, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
