Cables
Types of Cable Installations in Electrical Network
There are a variety of ways to install power distribution cables. Each method ensures distribution of power with a unique degree of reliability, safety, economy, and quality for any specific set of conditions. These conditions include the electrical characteristics of… Read more
Jul 27, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Overvoltages in the IT system
Electrical networks can be subject to overvoltages of varying origins. Some overvoltages, such as differential mode ones (between live conductors) affect all the earthing systems. This section is particularly concerned with common mode overvoltages, which mainly affect the IT system… Read more
Jul 26, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The major components of an Air Circuit Breaker and the Arc Interruption
The basic characteristics for air magnetic circuit breakers are maximum rationalization and constructional simplicity. The major components of such breakers are: the poles, the arc chutes, the base frame, the operating mechanism. The operating mechanism construction and parts are similar to that of… Read more
Jul 25, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The main components of an oil circuit breaker and how does it interrupt the arc
They are simple in construction. The major parts of a minimum oil circuit breaker excluding the poles are the base frame,the drive which is constructed as a stored energy opening and closing mechanism (the operating mechanism). The opening spring of… Read more
Jul 24, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Isolating the Fault With Time-based Discrimination
Protection functions form a consistent system depending on the overall structure of the power distribution system and the neutral earthing arrangement. They should therefore be viewed as a system based on the principle of discrimination, which consists of isolating the… Read more
Jul 22, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Bus Design In Aboveground Substations
Substations can be constructed partly or entirely within aboveground or belowground enclosures. However, cost is high and complexity is increased by fire-protection and heat-removal needs. The following discussion deals with exposed aboveground substations. The bus and associated substation equipment are… Read more
Jul 21, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Effect of Lightning Strike on Electrical Lines
The foregoing discussion concentrated on the principles of lightning strikes and how their effects can be mitigated. However, lightning strikes on electrical lines or substations are those that cause problems in the distribution network which come right into our residences… Read more
Jul 20, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electric Motor
AC Adjustable Speed Drive (ASD) – An Overview
The simplest and least expensive way to control the speed of a process or piece of equipment is to operate all the equipment at full speed. Many applications require the speed of a process or piece of equipment to be… Read more
Jul 19, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Mark the ground with an X and say Dig Here!
No matter what method is used for fault locating on direct buried underground cable, at some point an “x” must be marked on the ground to say “dig here.” The most commonly used prelocation methods such as arc reflection or… Read more
Jul 18, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Shunt Reactor Used In HV and EHV Systems
Main Power System parameters are System Voltages and Frequency which normally indicate the healthiness level (they indicate the level of Generated active and reactive Powers against the load power requirement). In a healthy system, Voltage and frequency are close to… Read more
Jul 17, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
Field Inspection of New Medium-Voltage Switchgear
Step Description of what you should do 1.1 Check switchgear assembly for alignment, levelness, and tightness of all bolting. 1.2 Check all equipment for the removal of blocking, supports, temporary ties, and temporary jumper wires. 1.3 Check control power transformer… Read more
Jul 16, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Autoreclosing in Transmission and Distribution Systems
Two main functions of Utility Electric System Operations department are Control and Protection. Control function deals with all operational aspects involved in efficient and optimal dispatching of available real power (with reactive power support) from the Generating units (and reactive… Read more
Jul 15, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electric Motor
Thermal (Overload) Motor Relay Protection
The majority of winding failures in motor are either indirectly or directly caused by overloading (either prolonged or cyclic), operation on unbalanced supply voltage, or single phasing, which all lead through excessive heating to the deterioration of the winding insulation… Read more
Jul 14, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Locating underground electrical cable faults
Before attempting to locate underground cable faults on direct buried primary cable, it is necessary to know where the cable is located and what route it takes. If the fault is on secondary cable, knowing the exact route is even… Read more
Jul 13, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Definitions from the Standard UL 489 (MCCB)
The requirements of this standard cover molded-case circuit breakers (MCCB), circuit breaker and ground-fault circuit-interrupters, fused circuit breakers, and accessory high-fault protectors. These circuit breakers are specifically intended to provide service entrance, feeder, and branch circuit protection in accordance with… Read more
Jul 12, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
