Energy and Power
Main short circuit faults occurring in networks and machines
Short-circuits can be defined according to three main characteristics: They may be mechanical: breakdown of conductors or accidental electrical connection between two conductors via a foreign body such as a tool or animal; They may be electrical: following the degradation of… Read more
May 30, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Generating Electricity with Combustion Turbines
There are two basic types of combustion turbines (CTs) other than the microturbines: The heavy frame industrial turbines and The aeroderivative turbines. The heavy frame systems are derived from similar models that were steam turbine designs. As can be identified… Read more
May 28, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Maintenance
A transformer is only as strong as its weakest link
Capacity (or rating) of a transformer is limited by the temperature that the insulation can tolerate. Ratings can be increased by reducing core and copper losses, by increasing the rate of heat dissipation (better cooling), or by improving transformer insulation… Read more
May 26, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
The role of medium voltage switchgear in power system
Most electrical appliances used in household, commercial and industrial applications work with low voltage. High voltage is used not only to transmit electrical energy over very large distances, but also for regional distribution to the load centers via fine branches…. Read more
May 23, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Arriving at the scene of a pole fire. What to do?
Utility pole fires are common and should be treated with great respect by firefighters. Pole fires are normally caused by the failure of insulators, switches, catastrophic failure of transformers or oil-filled switching equipment. Some poles used in the utility industry… Read more
May 21, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Metering
Instrument transformers (CTs, VTs) in the system
The three main tasks of instrument transformers are: To transform currents or voltages from a usually high value to a value easy to handle for relays and instruments. To insulate the metering circuit from the primary high voltage system. To provide… Read more
May 19, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Maintenance
The most common accessories you can find on oil filled transformer
Every oil filled transformer has a variety of accessories for different purposes. Here, I’ll try to name the most common of them, together with picture and description. Note that pictures can be different depending on manufacturer. Also, you will notice… Read more
May 16, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Case study – Improper grounding practice of computers in buildings
In a large office complex, computer errors including system crashes/reboots were happening during thunderstorms. The grounding of computer system had been carried out according to the recommendations of manufacturers. The grounding leads were insulated and terminated to an isolated grounding bus. This bus… Read more
May 14, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Maintenance
An example of calculating transformer size and voltage drop due to starting of large motor
Let’s calculate voltage drop in transformer 1000KVA, 11/0.480 kV, impedance 5.75% due to starting of 300 kW, 460V, 0.8 power factor, motor code D (kva/hp). Motor starts 2 times per hour and the allowable voltage drop at transformer secondary terminal is… Read more
May 12, 2014 | By Jignesh Parmar
Industrial Automation
Effects of Speed Variation on Rotodynamic Pumps
A rotodynamic pump is a dynamic device with the head generated by a rotating impeller. Thus, there is a relationship between impeller peripheral velocity and generated head. Peripheral velocity is directly related to shaft rotational speed, for a fixed impeller… Read more
May 09, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Industrial Automation
10 Strategies for Automation and Production Systems
Following the USA Principle is a good first step in any automation project. The USA Principle is a common sense approach to automation projects. Similar procedures have been suggested in the manufacturing and automation trade literature, but none has a… Read more
May 07, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Earthing (grounding) transformer – Voltages during a ground fault
Earthing Transformer or grounding transformer is the neutral grounding transformer – star connected on the primary and has an open delta on secondary. Open Delta has two terminals. A resistor is connected across these two terminals. Whenever a fault occurs, voltage… Read more
May 05, 2014 | By Asif Eqbal
Transmission and Distribution
9 typical issues addressed in a T&D network planning project
Transmission and distribution network planning projects are highly individual, because in each case the special conditions of the supply area, load demand and geographic distribution, technical standards and requirements, current status of the existing system, etc., have to be considered…. Read more
May 02, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
