Why do we use directional overcurrent protection? When does fault current direction become important? Well, electrical power grid comprises a network of power stations, substations and transmission lines. As well… Read more
Voltage unbalance can be more detrimental than voltage variation to motor performance and motor life. When the line voltages applied to a polyphase induction motor are not equal in magnitude… Read more
Periodic transformer exterior inspection (visual) reveals important condition information. For example, valves positioned incorrectly, plugged radiators, stuck temperature indicator and level gauges, and noisy oil pumps or fans. Oil leaks… Read more
A successful SCADA specification and good installation depends on choosing and utilizing proven and reliable technology, with adequate and comprehensive training of all personnel in the operation of the system…. Read more
First, let’s say some words about basics of the reactive power in system. Reactive current arises in every electrical system. Not only large loads, but smaller loads as well require reactive… Read more
Motor control circuits are often implemented using ladder logic. It is so called because the schematic representation of the control circuit resembles a ladder with two vertical rails and a… Read more
Commissioning and maintenance With numerical protection relays commissioning and maintenance has become far less complicated as a result of the information provided by the devices as well as the integrated… Read more
Although single-phase electricity is used to supply common domestic and office electrical appliances, three phase alternating current (a.c.) systems are almost universally used to distribute electrical power and to supply… Read more
With the introduction of IEDs (Intelligent Electronic Devices), the traditional switchboard interface is being replaced by Human Machine Interface (HMI) software loaded on computer hardware. The designer has a wide… Read more
Many energy saving actions can encourage specifiers and engineers to look closely at the savings which can be made by specifying an energy efficient version of a particular component. The… Read more