System earthings and incidents on MV side that result in LV disturbances

Low voltage networks, unless a replacement uninterruptible power supply (with galvanic insulation) or a LV/LV transformer is used, are influenced by MV. This influence takes the form of: capacitive coupling, galvanic… Read more

Jun 30, 2017 | Edvard

Three abnormal situations leading to an uncontrolled release of SF6 gas

This technical article deals with the assessment of risk to personnel in the case of an abnormal situation leading to an uncontrolled release of SF6 gas into the atmosphere. Generally… Read more

Jun 28, 2017 | Edvard

Step by step calculation of overload and short circuit currents

In a heating system a motor-driven pump with a power of 200 kW, cos φ = 0.88, η = 0.93 is connected through an overhead cable with 1= 45 m…...

PREMIUM Membership Required

This content is available for Premium members only. Get access to premium HV/MV/LV technical articles, electrical engineering guides and research studies.
Apply a 20% discount code 99AF8 for a 1-year plan! Login ♛Sign Up ♛

Jun 26, 2017 | Edvard

2 types of synchronisers required on a power system with two supplies

Synchronisers are required at points on a power system where two supplies (either generator and grid, or two grid supplies) may need to be paralleled. They are more than just… Read more

Jun 26, 2017 | Edvard

Why functional specification is essential for success of a SCADA project

Well documenting the SCADA system requirements is probably the single most significant contributor to the success of a SCADA project. It may seem obvious but let’s say it anyway: writing… Read more

Jun 23, 2017 | Edvard

Wiring tips for connections and routing inside industrial control panel

Wiring industrial control panels is a complex process and it needs a number of carefully planned and performed details. However, there are dozen of tips and advices on how to… Read more

Jun 21, 2017 | Edvard

Practice for good grounding and bonding a home wiring system

All home electrical systems must be bonded and grounded according to code standards. This entails two tasks: First, the metal water and gas pipes must be connected electrically to create… Read more

Jun 19, 2017 | Edvard

Lock-out tag-out practice and seven other steps that save lives

Lock-Out / Tag-Out (LOTO) refers to the specific practices and guidelines to safeguard employees from the unexpected start-up, movement, activation, energizing, release of energy, etc of machinery, equipment, plant, systems… Read more

Jun 16, 2017 | Edvard

Pre-commissioning tests and in-service checks of protection system

The pre-commissioning tests need to be carefully programmed so that they take place in a logical and efficient order, in order that no equipment is disturbed again during subsequent tests…. Read more

Jun 14, 2017 | Edvard

Commissioning substation busbars in an efficient and modern way

The commissioning procedure of substation busbars for differential protection and other busbar protection schemes involves a large number of input and output circuits that require a verification check in both… Read more

Jun 13, 2017 | Edvard

Four most popular PLC programming languages for implementation of control diagrams

PLCs from different manufacturers can be programmed in various ways. Popular programming languages for PLCs are ladder diagrams, Function Block Diagrams (FBD), and statement list. With a few exceptions, a… Read more

Jun 12, 2017 | Edvard

Transformer protection systems and their primary switching arrangements

The protection of power transformers is not just a question of detecting faults within the windings, cores, or tank. It’s very often a question of how the transformer is integrated…...

PREMIUM Membership Required

This content is available for Premium members only. Get access to premium HV/MV/LV technical articles, electrical engineering guides and research studies.
Apply a 20% discount code 99AF8 for a 1-year plan! Login ♛Sign Up ♛

Jun 12, 2017 | Edvard

Philosophy of a good relay protection settings for machines and plants

The objectives of the protection system are: to limit damage to people and to the plant, permit different service conditions, guarantee maximum service continuity for the plant not affected by faults and activate the automatisms… Read more

Jun 09, 2017 | Edvard

Did you test your electrician’s skills recently? Take the quiz. It’s time!

It’s always a good idea to put the sparks into your memory and shed light on things you have learned years ago. Whether you are a rookie in a field… Read more

Jun 07, 2017 | Edvard

How backup protection is used to improve fault-clearing system in HV networks

All elements in the fault-clearing system do not always operate correctly. Protection relays may fail to operate or may operate unwantedly. Switching devices may fail to interrupt the fault current…....

PREMIUM Membership Required

This content is available for Premium members only. Get access to premium HV/MV/LV technical articles, electrical engineering guides and research studies.
Apply a 20% discount code 99AF8 for a 1-year plan! Login ♛Sign Up ♛

Jun 05, 2017 | Edvard