Internal electrical systems within nuclear power plant stations (power sources)
Electrical systems within a nuclear power plant (NPP) deserve significant design considerations. The availability of on-site as well as off-site power plays a crucial role in nuclear power plant safety and are one of the… Read more
Apr 29, 2019 | Edvard

Ultra-high voltage (UHV) AC gas insulated switchgear (GIS) for 1000kV and above
Ultra-high voltage (UHV) AC gas insulated switchgear (GIS) can correctly work only if all its internal components are properly assembled and the metal enclosure is filled with SF6 gas at the required density. That’s obligatory…....
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Apr 25, 2019 | Edvard

Spot network systems for distribution of electric power in downtown areas of cities
The AC secondary network system is the system that has been used for many years to distribute electric power in the high-density, downtown areas of cities, usually in the form of utility grids. Modifications of… Read more
Apr 24, 2019 | Edvard

Three good examples of the application of modern relays to transformer protection
This technical article provides three examples of the application of modern relays to transformer protection. As there are many modern protection relays nowadays that provide advanced software to simplify the calculations, in this article we… Read more
Apr 22, 2019 | Edvard

Single line diagrams of substations 66/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV (reading & analysis)
This technical article describes single line diagrams of two typical power substations 66/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV and their power flow, principles of incoming lines (incomers) and outgoing lines (feeders), busbar arrangement functionality and so… Read more
Apr 17, 2019 | Edvard

Learn HV substation elements (graphic symbols, basics & connection schemes)
High voltage substations are pretty complex to understand since they have a way too many elements and each element is complex for itself and it depends on many system parameters and other elements. This technical… Read more
Apr 15, 2019 | Edvard

Learn to read and understand single line diagrams and wiring diagrams
Single line diagrams are used in common engineering practice as graphical representation of electrical switchboard or assembly containing more sections, i.e. cubicles. Basically, they are simplified and digest picture of whole switchboard, showing only major…...
PREMIUM Membership Required
This technical article/guide requires a Premium Membership. Get access to all premium HV/MV/LV technical articles, electrical engineering guides, and papers. Check out each plan's benefits and choose the membership plan that works best for you or your organization.You can choose an annually based Plus, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan.Log InSign Up
Apr 12, 2019 | Miodrag Kokotovic

Properly engineered and installed selective coordination between LV circuit breakers
It’s extremely important to work on selective coordination of circuit breakers in the design phase of a system. After switchboards, distribution panels, MCCs, lighting switchboards, etc. are installed, there typically is little that can be… Read more
Apr 10, 2019 | Edvard

Minimizing failure impact in distribution systems by allowing faults to clear themselves
Distribution systems are basically insecure – failure of a major component always leads to customer interruptions. So, what can be done? Reliable distribution systems minimize this impact by allowing faults to clear themselves, by minimizing… Read more
Apr 08, 2019 | Edvard

7 routine tests for a dry-type transformer you should perform during commissioning
This technical article briefly describes seven very important tests you should perform during commissioning of a dry-type transformer. Usually tests are performed in the factory where transformers are produced. The following routine tests must be… Read more
Apr 03, 2019 | Edvard

Electrical design of healthcare facilities (essential system requirements)
Due to the critical nature of the care being provided at healthcare facilities and their increasing dependence on electrical equipment for preservation of life, they have special requirements for the design of their electrical distribution… Read more
Apr 01, 2019 | Edvard
