Energy and Power
Six less known phenomena that can cause disturbance in electrical installations
In addition to the known phenomena of lightning and switching, numerous new sources, in particular power converters, can cause disturbance in installations. This disturbance, which is generated by the installation itself or carried by the system from external sources or… Read more
Mar 30, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
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Mastering single line and wiring diagrams: MV earth fault protection
This technical article continues the series of articles dedicated to mastering single line and wiring diagrams of medium voltage switchgear. This time, the subject is the principle, and realization of earth fault protection applied to the same example switchgear used…...
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Mar 26, 2020 | By Miodrag Kokotovic
Energy and Power
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AC and DC facilities in electrical station services of major power plant types
In a power plant, the electrical station services (abbreviated to SS in the following) consist of all the DC facilities from 24 to 220 V and AC facilities up to about 20 kV for controlling and supplying power to the…...
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Mar 23, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
The art of determining the right cross-section of low voltage conductors
To be clear at the beginning of this article, determining the cross-section of conductors and cables is, for sure, not the most exciting part of electrical design. There are much more challenging and more exciting parts than staring at endless… Read more
Mar 16, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
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Learn how to interpret interlocking schemes between MV cubicles (single line and wiring diagrams)
There are numerous variations of MV switchgear topology, measurement, and control logic. However, there are also some basic rules related to these aspects which may be frequently seen in practice, with the purpose of increased safety and reliability during operation…....
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Mar 12, 2020 | By Miodrag Kokotovic
Protection
Best relay protection practices applied to shunt reactors, capacitors, SVCs and STATCOMs
This technical article explains the protection practices applied to shunt reactors and capacitors as well as to static var compensators (SVCs) and static compensators (STATCOMs). Dry-type and oil-immersed reactors usually use overcurrent, negative sequence, percentage differential, or impedance relays depending… Read more
Mar 11, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
What are the primary substation feeders? How to analyze their arrangements?
A feeder carries energy to a substation or bus or to several loads. The several substation feeder arrangements are discussed in this technical article. Feeder may connect two substation buses in parallel to provide stiffness or service continuity for the… Read more
Mar 09, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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An overview of transformer connections and diagrams in the electric power system
Power transformers are used extensively by traditional electric utility companies, power plants, and industrial plants. This technical article summarizes the basic types, connections, and diagrams of transformers needed for analyzing the electrical transmission and distribution systems. Analyzing electric power systems,…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.Upgrade
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Mar 05, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Five actions to achieve excellent energy savings in old electrical installations
Not all existing electrical installations lack energy efficiency, but most of them do. Especially if they were built 15-20 years ago and older. Although it is generally acknowledged that substantial energy savings are possible in most existing installations, the process… Read more
Mar 04, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Primary substations and bus layouts in the distribution system of an industrial plant
The primary distribution system of an industrial plant is generally the higher voltage portion of the system, starting with the purchased-power service and including generators, switching equipment, circuits, and all transformers with secondary voltages higher than 600 V. This technical… Read more
Mar 02, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
