Energy and Power
Power Measurement On Four-Wire System Using Wattmeter Methods
A four-wire system is suitable to supply unbalanced, three-phase loads or single phase loads distributed on all three phases of a low voltage installation. When measuring power on a three-phase system, it is really necessary to take into consideration the… Read more
Apr 06, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The basics of selectivity (discrimination) between circuit breakers
On economical grounds and for the reason of reliability of the service, it is not always ideal to interrupt the supply to the installation in the case of a fault as fast as possible. That’s why we have the selectivity… Read more
Apr 04, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Six core activities in the commissioning of the earthing system
Commissioning of new earthing system is essential as a validation step for the design and installation process and for the design inputs. In most cases commissioning should measure the outputs of the earthing system in terms of produced voltages and… Read more
Apr 02, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
10 Factors To Consider When Specifying Transformers
There are many factors that influence final specification of a transformer. However, the following ten factors MUST be considered when specifying transformers. Let’s name these ten factors: Kilovoltampere (kVA) Rating Voltage Ratings, Ratio, and Method of Connection (Delta or Wye) Voltage… Read more
Mar 28, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
How to manage harmonic currents affecting the neutral
A number of measures can be taken to eliminate or reduce the effects of harmonic currents in the neutral conductor, in particular third harmonic currents. Let’s talk about the following five measures: modifications to the installation, star-delta transformer, transformer with… Read more
Mar 25, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
How rotating magnetic field works in AC machines
The fundamental principle of operation of AC machines is the generation of a rotating magnetic field, which causes the rotor to turn at a speed that depends on the speed of rotation of the magnetic field. We’ll now explain how… Read more
Mar 23, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Guidelines To Metering Challenges and How To Overcome Them
In the course of any metering exercise, there will be challenges that arise – these may occur in planning, specifying, purchasing, installing, or in the maintaining of the metering system. This technical article focuses on five common metering challenges with the hope that… Read more
Mar 19, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Main substations installed on public MV network, their functions and layout
This technical article is a reminder of the main substations installed on MV networks. It is concluded by two layouts showing their applications in real terms. A substation or installation is a physical entity defined by its position and its… Read more
Mar 18, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Recommended Practice For Cableways Selection and Installation
The term cableways refers to conductors and/or cables together with the means of support and protection, etc. for example cable trays, ladders, ducts, trenches, and so on… are all cableways. This technical article covers the following topics: Selection of materials… Read more
Mar 14, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Do dry type transformers cost less than oil-filled?
To many industrial and commercial organisations dry type transformers are seen to be advantageous compared with oil filled units. They avoid the perceived fire risk of oil filled transformers and can thus be accommodated inside a building or even on… Read more
Mar 12, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What makes a good grounding system?
The performance of the grounding system is determined by the quality of the following five components all of which are of equal importance. The grounding electrode conductor The grounding connections The grounding electrode Electrode to soil resistance The soil Typically… Read more
Mar 09, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Things you MUST verify when designing low voltage switchgear
Low voltage switchgear and distribution boards form the link between the equipment for the generation (generators), transmission (cables, overhead lines) and transformation (transformers) of electrical energy on the one hand and the consumers, e.g. motors, solenoid valves, devices for heating,… Read more
Mar 02, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The Basics Of Molded Case Circuit Breakers You MUST Know
Molded case circuit breakers are interrupting devices with self-contained, current-responsive elements. These breakers are assembled as an integral unit in a supported and enclosed housing of insulating material. Depending on the amount of protection required, these breakers can sense internally… Read more
Feb 27, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
3 Common Misconceptions Regarding Automatic Transfer Systems
Several common misconceptions regarding automatic transfer systems exist. Three of these are addressed here // I need a complex automatic transfer scheme at every voltage level AC Control Power for my automatic transfer PLC can be handled by the system UPS’s… Read more
Feb 26, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
How to determine the best location for earth electrode
A good, low-resistance earth electrode depends upon a low-resistivity soil in a spot where you can drive in your electrodes. There are two approaches to picking your location: Drive rods in various locations to such depths as may be required… Read more
Feb 24, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
