Disturbances In LV Networks Due To Surges
There are two types of surge: those generated by a lightning impact and those resulting from electrical switchgear switching operations. Surges resulting from lightning strokes (see figure below) can affect all electrical installations. Consequently, they… Read more
Oct 06, 2012 | Edvard
How to Protect Capacitor Banks?
Capacitor banks are used to compensate for reactive energy absorbed by electrical system loads, and sometimes to make up filters to reduce harmonic voltage. Their role is to improve the quality of the electrical system…. Read more
Oct 05, 2012 | Edvard
Definitions of Abnormal Voltage Conditions
A sag is a temporary reduction in the normal AC voltage. A momentary sag is a variation, which lasts for a period of 0.5 cycle to about 2 s usually the result of a short circuit somewhere… Read more
Oct 02, 2012 | Edvard
Overview of Single Phase Induction Type Energy Meter
Single phase induction type energy meter is also popularly known as watt-hour meter. This name is given to it. This article is only focused about its constructional features and its working. Induction type energy meter… Read more
Sep 28, 2012 | Bipul Raman
What is the difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing?
One of the most misunderstood and confused concept is difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing. Bonding is more clear word compare to Grounding and Earthing, but there is a micro difference between Grounding and Earhing…. Read more
Sep 27, 2012 | jiguparmar
How Sensitive Circuits Are Affected By Noise And What Can You Do About It?
Noise is only important if it is measured in relation to the communication signal, which carries the data or information. Electronic receiving circuits for digital communications have a broad voltage range, which determines whether a… Read more
Sep 26, 2012 | Edvard
Inspection of Ground-Fault Protection Systems
This type of protection is defined by the NEC (National Electrical Code) to ensure protection against fire on electrical power installations. To ensure protection against fire: The NEC defines the use of an RCD with very… Read more
Sep 25, 2012 | Edvard
Testing and Commissioning of Metal-Clad Switchgear
Electrical testing and commissioning of Metal-Clad switchgear is essential to the safe start for the first time, regardless of its size, type or industry. This article covers testing and start-up / commisioning procedures for all… Read more
Sep 24, 2012 | Edvard
Surge Protection of Electronic Equipment
Generally, power circuits have components that have large thermal capacities, which make it impossible for them to attain very high temperatures quickly except during very large or long disturbances. This requires correspondingly large surge energies…. Read more
Sep 22, 2012 | Edvard
Introduction to Static Protection Relays
The term ‘static’ implies that the relay has no moving parts. This is not strictly the case for a static relay, as the output contacts are still generally attracted armature relays. In a protection relay,… Read more
Sep 21, 2012 | Edvard
What is the purpose of equipotential bonding?
Equipotential bonding is essentially an electrical connection maintaining various exposed conductive parts and extraneous conductive parts at substantially the same potential. An earthed equipotential zone is one within which exposed conductive parts and extraneous conductive… Read more
Sep 20, 2012 | Edvard
Definition of Harmonics and Their Origin
The Fourier theorem states that all non-sinusoidal periodic functions can be represented as the sum of terms (i.e. a series) made up of: A sinusoidal term at the fundamental frequency, Definition of Harmonics and Their… Read more
Sep 17, 2012 | Edvard
Functions Performed by Electrical Switchgear
National and international standards define the method for making electrical distribution circuits as well as the purpose and functions of switchgear. There are three main functions, namely: Circuit protection takes three main fault types into… Read more
Sep 14, 2012 | Edvard
Nikola Tesla – Everything is the Light
Once, in 1899, Nikola Tesla had an interview with certain journalist John Smith, when Tesla said “Everything is the Light“. In one of its rays is the fate of nations, each nation has its own ray… Read more
Sep 12, 2012 | Edvard
Under the Hood of LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes)
LED lamps, or Light Emitting Diodes, are becoming more and more common. Having been used for some time in products such as digital watches, remote controls and brake lights, they are now being seen in… Read more
Sep 08, 2012 | Paul Blythe
