High Voltage
Protection Of Generators And Transformers
As Generators and transformers are major components of a power system, so it is quite necessary to take all the preventive measures for the protection of transformers and generators. These are the following ways (ANSI codes) we use to protect… Read more
Feb 11, 2012 | By Bipul Raman
High Voltage
Ceramic (Porcelain and Glass) Insulators
Porcelain is the most frequently used material for insulators. Insulators are made of wet, processed porcelain. The fundamental materials used are a mixture of feldspar (35%), china clay (28%), flint (25%), ball clay (10%), and talc (2%). The alternative method… Read more
Jan 27, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
EHV/HV Underground Cable Sheath Earthing (part 2/2)
Continued from previous part: EHV/HV Cable Sheath Earthing (part 1/2) Link Box is electrically and mechanically one of the integral accessories of HV underground above ground cable bonding system, associated with HV XLPE power cable systems. Link boxes are used… Read more
Jan 21, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
EHV/HV Underground Cable Sheath Earthing (part 1/2)
In urban areas, high voltage underground cables are commonly used for the transmission and distribution of electricity. Such high voltage cables have metallic sheaths or screens surrounding the conductors, and/or armour and metallic wires surrounding the cables. During earth faults… Read more
Jan 19, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
High Voltage
Segregated Phase Bus System
In this construction all the phases are housed in one metallic enclosure as earlier, but with a metallic barrier between each phase, as illustrated in Figure 1. The metallic barriers provide the required magnetic shielding and isolate the busbars magnetically from each other, like an… Read more
Jan 18, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Direct high voltage testing of cable insulation systems
DC testing has been accepted for many years as the standard field method for performing high-voltage tests on cable insulation systems. Whenever DC testing is performed, full consideration should be given to the fact that steady-state direct voltage creates within… Read more
Nov 19, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
North American versus European distribution systems
Distribution systems around the world have evolved into different forms. The two main designs are North American and European. For both forms, hardware is much the same: conductors, cables, insulators, surge arresters, regulators, and transformers are very similar. Both systems… Read more
Nov 17, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
High-voltage transmission lines and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)
The corona discharge produces radio noise and in lesser extent television ( TV ) disturbances around high-voltage transmission lines. This can be easily observed by all of us when we drive under a high-voltage line. The radio produces hissing, crackling… Read more
Nov 12, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Be extremely careful when racking in and racking out circuit breaker
There are many reasons causes arc flash incidents. Some of arc flash explosions occur when substation personnel insert or remove (rack in or out) circuit breakers from low or high voltage switchgear cubicles. Manual racking in and racking out circuit… Read more
Oct 11, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Typical Constructions Of Overhead Lines
Along streets, alleys, through woods, and in backyards, many of the distribution lines that feed customers are overhead structures. Because overhead lines are exposed to trees and animals, to wind and lightning, and to cars and kites, they are a… Read more
Oct 03, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What is the Static Var Compensator (SVC)?
Static Var Compensator is “a shunt-connected static Var generator or absorber whose output is adjusted to exchange capacitive or inductive current so as to maintain or control specific parameters of the electrical power system (typically bus voltage)”. SVC is based… Read more
Sep 25, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Understanding Underground Electric Transmission Cables
Underground cables have different technical requirements than overhead lines and have different environmental impacts. Due to their different physical, environmental, and construction needs, underground transmission generally costs more and may be more complicated to construct than overhead lines. The design… Read more
Sep 21, 2011 | By Bipul Raman
High Voltage
GIS vs AIS – Substation Earthing
Compressed SF6 gas used in MV and HV switchgears as an insulating medium has led to the development of compact gas-insulated substation (CIS) technology (figure 1). GIS , having many advantages over often used and conventional air-insulated substations (AIS), have… Read more
Sep 12, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
What Is a Load Break Switch?
A load break switch is a disconnect switch that has been designed to provide making or breaking of specified currents. This is accomplished by addition of equipment that increases the operating speed of the disconnect switch blade and the addition… Read more
Sep 08, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Oil-Filled Equipment in Substation – IEEE 980-1994 (R2001)
A number of electrical apparatus installed in substations are filled with oil that provides the necessary insulation characteristics and assures their required performance. Electrical faults in this power equipment can produce arcing and excessive temperatures that may vaporize insulating oil,… Read more
Sep 07, 2011 | By Edvard Csanyi
