Energy and Power
Smart and safe protective shutdown of LV system with selectivity
From the point of view of the operational safety and reliability of an entire low-voltage installation, it is usually desirable to specifically isolate the part of a system affected by a short-circuit in order to prevent spreading of the fault. Selectivity… Read more
Oct 30, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What is the difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing?
One of the most misunderstood and confused concept is difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing. Bonding is more clear word compare to Grounding and Earthing, but there is a micro difference between Grounding and Earthing. Earthing and Grounding are actually… Read more
Sep 27, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
Energy and Power
What is a Floating Neutral and how does it affect the power distribution
If the Neutral Conductor is opened, broke or lost at either of its source side (distribution transformer, generator) or at load side (distribution panel of a consumer), the distribution system’s neutral conductor will “float” or lose its reference ground Point…. Read more
Aug 27, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
Energy and Power
The major components of an Air Circuit Breaker and the Arc Interruption
The basic characteristics for air magnetic circuit breakers are maximum rationalization and constructional simplicity. The major components of such breakers are: the poles, the arc chutes, the base frame, the operating mechanism. The operating mechanism construction and parts are similar to that of… Read more
Jul 25, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Isolating the Fault With Time-based Discrimination
Protection functions form a consistent system depending on the overall structure of the power distribution system and the neutral earthing arrangement. They should therefore be viewed as a system based on the principle of discrimination, which consists of isolating the… Read more
Jul 22, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Definitions from the Standard UL 489 (MCCB)
The requirements of this standard cover molded-case circuit breakers (MCCB), circuit breaker and ground-fault circuit-interrupters, fused circuit breakers, and accessory high-fault protectors. These circuit breakers are specifically intended to provide service entrance, feeder, and branch circuit protection in accordance with… Read more
Jul 12, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The Role of Circuit Breakers in LV/MV Power Systems
A circuit breaker is protective device which is designed to automatically open an electrical circuit thus preventing harm and damages to equipment and personnel. The damages are due to over load, short circuits and sometimes earth faults. Circuit breakers are made… Read more
Jul 09, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Assemblies of switchgear and control panels (3)
Continued from 2nd part of article: Assemblies of switchgear and control panels (part 2) Now coverage of distribution panels and switchboards will be presented including molded case circuit breakers (MCCB), safety switches, panelboards, multimetering equipment, ground fault circuit interrupters. Most of the… Read more
Jun 30, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Assemblies of switchgear and control panels (2)
Continued from 1st part of article: Assemblies of switchgear and control panels (part 1) Other components that are needed for the proper operation of the switchgear or control panel but not necessarily part of the installation or maybe installed remotely are: The batteries… Read more
Jun 29, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Assemblies of switchgear and control panels
Switchgear and control panels are found in power generating stations, transformer stations, distribution substations, commercial and institutional buildings, industrial plants and factories, refineries, paper mills, metal smelters and any other place where electric energy is utilized or electric power is… Read more
Jun 28, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
MCB – Miniature Circuit Breaker Construction
The miniature circuit breaker (MCB) plays an important role in providing overcurrent protection and a disconnect means in electrical networks. Recent advancements in circuit breaker technology has increased breaker performance and protection. A breaker is a device designed to isolate a circuit… Read more
Jun 07, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Sizing of power cables for circuit breaker controlled feeders (part 1)
The following three criteria apply for the sizing of cables for circuit breaker controlled feeders: [fancy_header]I. Short circuit current withstand capacity[/fancy_header] This criteria is applied to determine the minimum cross section area of the cable, so that cable can withstand… Read more
May 10, 2012 | By Asif Eqbal
Energy and Power
Types of Residual Current Devices (RCD)
For domestic applications only the first five of the below listed residual current devices (RCD) need to be considered. For industrial and commercial buildings all of the classifications need to be considered. Table below aims to identify where each type… Read more
May 03, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Time relays setting ranges explained in details
Time relays are used in control switching operations involving time delay. Most of these time relays have multiple time setting ranges and most of them are explained below. Time relays perform either on-delay or off-delay timing. An arrow is used… Read more
Apr 30, 2012 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electric Motor
Direct On Line (DOL) Motor Starter
Different starting methods are employed for starting induction motors because Induction Motor draws more starting current during starting. We use a variety of starters in order to protect the windings from being damaged by the high current flow that is… Read more
Apr 22, 2012 | By Jignesh Parmar
