Energy and Power
Analysis of pole-mounted MV/LV transformer grounding
Let’s discuss in some detail the reasons for the grounding philosophy adopted for pole-mounted MV/LV transformer substations illustrated in Figure 0. Contents: LV grounding MV grounding Combined MV/LV grounding Separate MV/LV grounding MV electrode LV electrode Pole transformer basics (VIDEO)… Read more
Sep 23, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
4 Factors To Consider When Selecting a Sectionalizer
Sectionalizers are (beside overcurrent relays, reclosers and fuses) one of the most used for distribution system protection. A sectionalizer is a device that automatically isolates faulted sections of a distribution circuit once an upstream breaker or recloser has interrupted the… Read more
Sep 16, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
SF6 or Vacuum MV Circuit Breaker In Specific Switching Applications
Many years of experience in developing both SF6 and vacuum medium-voltage circuit breakers has yielded up ample evidence that neither of the two technologies is generally better than the other, and especially that they are complementary from the application point… Read more
Sep 14, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
MV Metal-Enclosed Switchgear and Loss of Service Continuity (LSC) Categories
Some parts of a switchgear may be made accessible for the user, for various reasons from operation to maintenance, and such an access could impair the overall operation of the switchgear then decreasing the availability. The IEC 62271-200 proposes user-oriented… Read more
Jul 10, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
Medium Voltage Earthing Systems – Arrangements and Comparison
First, let’s define the different medium voltage earthing systems and then compare the advantages and disadvantages of each one. Earthing systems in medium voltage can be differentiated according to the neutral point connection method. The various earthing systems in medium… Read more
Jul 03, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
Current and voltage sensors as an alternative to traditional CTs and VTs
As an alternative for traditional primary current and voltage measurement techniques, the use of sensor technique is gaining field. This technique is typically applied to current and voltage measurement in medium-voltage metal-enclosed indoor switchgear. There are many undeniable advantages with… Read more
May 25, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Degradation of Insulation in Switchgear (What’s Really Happening)
Electrical insulation is subjected to electrical and mechanical stress, elevated temperature and temperature variations, and environmental conditions especially for outdoor applications. In addition to normal operating conditions, there are a host of other factors that may trigger accelerated aging or… Read more
Mar 04, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Ring Main Unit (RMU) as an important part of secondary distribution substations
Before getting into “What is RMU” question, let’s say a word about the distribution system where RMU is often used. Distribution systems encompass power lines that transport energy from the transmission network or other sources to consumers, along with the… Read more
Feb 11, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Inspection, Test and Measurement Procedures for LV and MV (up to 36kV) Switchgear
Installed in clean, well ventilated or air-conditioned locations, switchgear will require little routine maintenance. Major inspection should be scheduled for power plant shutdowns and concentrate for low voltage switchboards on identifying contact wear, correct operation of interlocks, correct overload settings and fuse… Read more
Jan 16, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The consumer power substation with metering on medium voltage side
A consumer power substation with metering on medium voltage side is an electrical installation connected to a utility supply system at a nominal voltage usually between 1kV – 35kV, which for example may supply a single MV/LV transformer (exceeding generally 1250… Read more
Jan 12, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
34 Questions And Answers To Break the Myth About SF6 Gas In Electrical Equipment
There are many published discussions and reports on various aspects of SF6 gas (sulphur hexafluoride) usage in electrical equipment. Most of them are based on facts and researches, but some are not. Let’s try to answer the 34 questions and… Read more
Nov 10, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Rating Definitions Applied to Medium Voltage Fuses
The definition of low voltage fuses is equally applicable to medium voltage fuses. Medium voltage level is defined by standard ANSI C84 as containing standard system voltages from 2400 through 69,000 V, and the high voltage level contains standard system voltages from… Read more
Oct 03, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Rating Definitions Applied to Medium Voltage Circuit Breaker
The medium voltage circuit breaker is the device of choice when sophisticated system protection at the medium voltage level is required. Most modern medium voltage circuit breakers use a vacuum as the interrupting means, although sulfur-hexafluoride (SF6) based units still exist and in use. Medium… Read more
Sep 03, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
Microprocessor and conventional secondary systems compared
Secondary systems are all those facilities needed to ensure reliable operation of the primary system, e.g. a high voltage substation. They cover the functions of controlling, interlocking, signalling and monitoring, measuring, counting, recording and protecting. With conventional secondary systems, the… Read more
Jul 09, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
The role of medium voltage switchgear in power system
Most electrical appliances used in household, commercial and industrial applications work with low voltage. High voltage is used not only to transmit electrical energy over very large distances, but also for regional distribution to the load centers via fine branches…. Read more
May 23, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
