Single line diagrams of substations 66/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV (reading & analysis)

This technical article describes single line diagrams of two typical power substations 66/11 kV and 11/0.4 kV and their power flow, principles of incoming lines (incomers) and outgoing lines (feeders),… Read more

Apr 17, 2019 | Edvard

Learn HV substation elements (graphic symbols, basics & connection schemes)

High voltage substations are pretty complex to understand since they have a way too many elements and each element is complex for itself and it depends on many system parameters… Read more

Apr 15, 2019 | Edvard

Minimizing failure impact in distribution systems by allowing faults to clear themselves

Distribution systems are basically insecure – failure of a major component always leads to customer interruptions. So, what can be done? Reliable distribution systems minimize this impact by allowing faults… Read more

Apr 08, 2019 | Edvard

Practical steps in the design of a substation grounding

Grounding at power substations is extremely important. Grounding system provides the ground connection for the grounded neutral for transformers, reactors, and capacitors and also the discharge path for lightning rods,…...

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Mar 29, 2019 | Edvard

Remote control systems and communication devices in secondary substations

This technical article deals with the devices that makes possible the interface with the primary process (e.g. cables and switchgear) in a secondary substations from a central point, like central… Read more

Mar 25, 2019 | Edvard

6 common bus configurations in substations up to 345 kV

This technical article explains six most common bus configurations used for distribution, transmission, or switching substations at voltages up to 345 kV. Presented single line diagrams and layouts are generalized… Read more

Mar 18, 2019 | Edvard

Control house at HV/EHV switchyards and substations (construction, layout and functions)

Nowadays, the control house is one of the main parts in every modern HV switchyard and substation. Why? Simply, because substations have grown in complexity and equipment such as circuit… Read more

Mar 11, 2019 | Edvard

Primary and secondary power distribution systems (layouts explained)

Primary distribution systems consist of feeders that deliver power from distribution substations to distribution transformers. A feeder usually begins with a feeder breaker at the distribution substation. Many feeders leave… Read more

Mar 06, 2019 | Edvard

Three essential features of automation in power distribution systems

One may wonder why are everybody talking more and more about automation in power distribution. Aren’t we already automated? Well, we are not. It can always be better, faster, with…...

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This content is available for Premium members only. Premium membership gives you an access to specialized technical articles and other extra premium content (electrical guides and software). Premium Membership ♛

Feb 28, 2019 | Edvard

Learn to recognize T&D pylons, foundations, insulators, cables, bushings and arresters

Recognizing the type of transmission & distribution pylons and their equipment is kind of hard if you don’t know where to look for. There are many variations that look similar… Read more

Feb 20, 2019 | Edvard