11 deadliest mistakes in a power substation made by young and unmindful electrical engineers
Substation operation and maintenance is one meticulous and critical job that requires a great deal of expertise and familiarization. The complexity and scrutiny increase exponentially as the focus shifts to a higher voltage level, as the margin for error tends…...
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Aug 09, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Special measures needed for switching MV capacitor banks and filter circuits
Switching of medium voltage capacitor banks and filter circuits poses special demands on the circuit-breaker. Potentially critical impacts are the inrush current and the stress of the recovery voltage. This technical article deals with the requirements of capacitor banks without… Read more
Aug 02, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
MV/HV switchgear (circuit breaker) switching capability and suitability for specific applications
Circuit breakers (CBs) do interrupt fault currents and close onto faults. Besides, they could be used as isolation devices like disconnectors. The CBs manufacturers’ brochures and standards provide extensive data to select and assess the CBs performance, but designers must…...
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Jul 26, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
Load flow and short circuit analysis of a MV substation (case study 33/11 kV substation in ETAP)
Designing and operating a substation is a tiresome and challenging task, which requires hefty capital, a well-trained workforce, and lots of time. With the ever-expanding nature of electricity distribution, the MV/LV power distribution substations are mushrooming everywhere. Sometimes, they are…...
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Jul 12, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Uprating and expanding existing power substations (good practice and recommendations)
All actions involving substation construction require heavy planning. This is especially true of a program of substation uprating or expansion. The trend is toward the assessment of existing substations and individual equipment to develop a predictive maintenance and substation life…...
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Jul 05, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
The difference in how series and shunt capacitors regulate the voltage and reactive power flows
At a casual look, a capacitor seems to be a pretty boring and unsophisticated device, that is, two metal plates separated by a dielectric insulating material. Couldn’t be simpler than that. The capacitor has no moving parts but instead functions… Read more
Jun 21, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn how to troubleshoot the operation of distribution substations (problematic breakdowns)
The distribution substation is one of the most important yet arguably the most troublesome section of the power system. Prolonged operation and frequent switching make distribution substations more prone to breakdowns and failures. While the part of preventive maintenance is…...
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Jun 14, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Schematics and docs needed for communication systems of substation protective relaying system
Communication systems of electric utilities have become increasingly critical to electric system protection, operation, and maintenance. For fast tripping and clearing of system faults, communication-aided relaying has become a common protection scheme, particularly in line protection. Control centers depend on…...
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Jun 09, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Distribution earthing systems in LV/MV networks (design instructions and precautions)
The electrical earthing system is designed to provide safe and correct operation of the network under normal, earth fault, and transient conditions. During earth fault conditions, large fault currents may flow via the general mass of the earth en route… Read more
Jun 02, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
The essentials of overcurrent protection you are not allowed to forget (types and principles)
Relay protection is nowadays completely digitalized and very sophisticated; there is no doubt about that. But, do electrical engineers really understand what they do when setting parameters and navigate through endless menus on a relay? Most engineers do know, of… Read more
May 24, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Dos and don’ts in operating LV/MV circuit breakers, relays, disconnectors and fuses
Typically, protecting an electrical system, low-voltage, medium-voltage, or high-voltage, whichever it is, does not entirely depend upon a single component. The protection system is often a coordinated combination of multiple switching and protection units working in tandem to acquire the…...
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May 17, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
The most common failure modes of electrical equipment in distribution systems
Each piece of electrical equipment on a distribution system has a probability of failing. When first installed, a piece of equipment can fail due to poor manufacturing, damage during shipping, or improper installation. Healthy equipment can fail due to extreme… Read more
May 10, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn how to operate an unknown energized low voltage switchgear (practical experience)
Switchgear is an integral part of the electrical protection system, which is used for isolating the faulty parts as well as de-energizing the downstream equipment during maintenance or any other usages. “Energized” is the term that signifies that the component…...
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Apr 19, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Learn how to interpret transformer nameplate information
As we all know, all substation equipment (should) have a metal plate with its “name” on it. Here we’ll discuss transformer nameplate, precisely power and distribution transformers and information that their nameplates carry. It’s usually attached to the tank in… Read more
Apr 12, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn to successfully analyze single-line, schematic, P&ID, logic, and wiring diagrams
Engineering tasks require a good skill in reading and interpreting information on drawings. Engineering drawings are the industry cornerstone of conveying detailed and precise information on how to construct, troubleshoot, maintain, and operate a system. Basic requirements are needed to…...
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Apr 05, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani