Energy and Power
A Practical Guide to the Operation of Ring Main Units
Ring Main Units are compact modules that are gas-insulated and sealed, comprising main switching devices and ancillary components to ensure continuous secondary power distribution. The precise arrangement and configuration of components always depend on the particular application and loading conditions…. Read more
Dec 08, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Five Construction Issues That Do Not Follow the Engineering Design (And Why They Matter)
High-voltage substations—especially modern AIS/GIS installations up to 400 kV—are engineered with extreme precision. Every cable, conductor, grounding conductor, insulator, and steel structure is designed according to exact assumptions: soil models, thermal limits, mechanical forces, environmental conditions, lightning protection angles, and…...
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Dec 01, 2025 | By Thiseas Violantis
Energy and Power
Best Practice for the Installation of HV Gas Insulated Bus Duct
The gas insulated bus duct is used within the GIS bay to interconnect the bus duct from bay to bay or to connect external connections from the GIS bay to overhead lines and transformers. There are two principles of bus… Read more
Nov 24, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Five phenomena that could collapse the entire power system
Extreme contingencies typically indicate events that lead to the unavailability of numerous power system components or a cascading failure, such as the loss of transmission lines along a common right-of-way or faults with delayed clearance (e.g., a jammed breaker or protection…...
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Nov 17, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
The Art of Hunting the Faults in Power Systems
Hunting the power system faults is not easy, and it never was. There are dozens of puzzle pieces you must carefully put together and at the same time have advanced knowledge in power system protection as well as to have… Read more
Nov 10, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Why do existing substations need to be automated
Let’s be honest, substation control and protection technology is advancing so fast that it’s amazing how quickly some of us become nostalgic for the past. That period used to be 20-30 years, but nowadays it’s about just 5-10 years. I’m not…...
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Nov 03, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Rules of Thumb In Substation Control and Trip Circuit Design
What are the trip circuits, and what do they do? Well, trip circuits are a small part of the control circuitry that exists within a substation, which provides functionality for protection, control, metering, and monitoring. Reliable design of trip circuits… Read more
Oct 27, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Top Busbar Protection Issues That Worry Protection Engineers
A busbar protection must be capable of clearing all phase-to-earth faults, and in the case where they can occur, phase-to-phase faults. Policy regarding fault clearance times required from busbar protection varies from utility to utility. Due to the fact that… Read more
Oct 13, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
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Hidden Problems in Commissioning of Power Plants (You’re not Counting On)
Commissioning of a power plant or an industrial plant is not that simple, on contrary, it’s full of hidden traps and logical challenges. In power plants, the generating units are substantial operational blocks, tested individually alongside the water or fuel…...
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Oct 06, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Top Issues that Seriously Worry Substation Designers
Technology development has gone mad. Everything is automated, what’s needed and what’s not needed, and that’s definitely not good. Substation equipment, especially secondary systems, becomes obsolete and hard to maintain in a very short time. The main question is how… Read more
Sep 29, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Cutting-edge technology utilized in modern substations (that every engineer SHOULD learn)
The design of substations is to deliver a cost-effective solution that, to the extent feasible, exhibits high availability, reliability, and operational flexibility. This rule applies to both newly constructed and 40-year-old substations from a utility standpoint. Although this is feasible,…...
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Sep 22, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Why We Still Ignore Intentional Destructive Electromagnetic Threats to Power Systems
Times have changed. If we are to tell the truth, the world war is already well underway. This article will explain what the consequences of the intentional use of destructive electromagnetic attacks on the power system actually are. There are… Read more
Sep 15, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
The Most Costly Traps in the Engineering of a Substation Automation System (SAS)
The development of the engineering process is crucial in any SAS project. Sometimes it takes longer than expected and in extreme scenarios may put corporate deadlines for accomplishing entire substation projects at risk. There are several main factors that can… Read more
Sep 01, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Substation Safety and Switching Rules You MUST Follow
This technical article describes the safety rules the switching operator must comply with when undertaking switching, and providing access for others required to work on the electrical network. We’ll describe the critical matters relating to safe switching operations, it is…...
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Aug 25, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Thumb Rules for Working in Switchyard and HV Areas
To be honest, working at switchyards and substations requires a thorough and true understanding of hazards and control measures before progressing to Power System Access. Only individuals with the proper authorization should operate within switchyards or high voltage zones. Engineers… Read more
Aug 18, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
