A comprehensive guide to voltage transformer (VT) circuit supervision techniques
Voltage transformer supervision, often referred to as VT fuse fail supervision relay, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding electrical systems. Its primary objective is to detect any potential failure within the voltage transformer (VT) circuit. This raises the important question:…...
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Oct 16, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Substation design choices and reasons for a new modern vs retrofit and upgrade an old one
This technical article addresses some of the most important reasons, dos and don’ts in making the substation design choices between designing a new modern and digital substation or retrofitting the existing one and upgrading its aging assets. We’ll discuss pricing… Read more
Oct 09, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
The art of the transmission switchyard design: The physical layout engineering (Case study included)
This article aims to shed some light on the so-called physical engineering activity in switchyard design in conjunction with some engineering computations. The physical layout engineering tackles the plot plan and SLD to optimize the area and coordinate with all…...
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Oct 02, 2023 | By Salem Alshahrani
Thoughtful considerations to design MV/LV distribution substations for extended service life
The installation of a new MV/LV electrical substation is often part of a more global project, and it is not always the subject of very detailed attention. However, the consideration of simple and practical criteria is not always dictated by… Read more
Sep 04, 2023 | By Power Systems and Services
Eleven most important calculations you can perform with power system analysis software
This technical article we will go through a number of existing applications for conducting a wide range of electrical studies. However, the practice says that studies involving load flow and fault analyses are the most commonly utilized programs in power transmission… Read more
Aug 21, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Never underestimate how important it is to choose the right CT size in fault detection and protection
In the realm of electrical power systems, current transformers (CTs) play a vital role in accurately measuring and monitoring current levels. Proper sizing of CTs is essential to ensure their adequacy and enable reliable operation within specified limits. This article…...
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Aug 14, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
The art of generator synchronization techniques that every true engineer MUST know about
There are two main types of generator synchronization techniques: manual and automatic. The operator performs speed and voltage adjustments on the generator and issues the breaker closure command during a manual synchronization. Manual synchronization, in its purest form, is done…...
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Aug 07, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Advice and warnings for proper handling, earthing and testing of current transformers
Welcome to the third and final part of our comprehensive series on current transformers (CTs) and their secondary circuits. In Parts 1 and 2, we covered various aspects of CT operation, secondary injection testing, burden calculations, CT circuit connections, safety…...
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Jul 31, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Seven golden foundations of good electrical installation work
This technical article deals with the practical aspects of commercial and industrial electrical installation work. It is of the utmost importance that the practical task be done in the appropriate manner. Electrical installations in commercial and industrial settings are often… Read more
Jul 24, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
A detailed checklist for the installation and commissioning of Gas-Insulated Substations (GIS)
Gas-insulated substations (GIS) are critical components of modern electrical power systems, providing efficient and compact solutions for the transmission and distribution of electricity. These substations utilize sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas as an insulating and arc-quenching medium, offering several advantages over…...
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Jul 17, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Choosing between AIS and GIS substation design: Factors you MUST take into consideration
For the last sixty years, gas-insulated substation (GIS) has been used in applications related to substations all over the world, and this use of the technology is becoming an increasingly common asset for those who make use of substations. GIS… Read more
Jul 10, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Comprehensive Guide to Secondary Injection Testing of the Current Transformers (Part 2)
Welcome to the second part of our three-part series on current transformers (CTs) and their secondary circuits. In Part 1, we explored the fundamental principles of CT operation, the importance of secondary injection testing, the concept of “burden,” considerations for…...
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Jul 03, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Good practice in the design of concrete and steel structures in power substations
The process of designing a substation usually begins with the general substation layout, which is dependent on the required safety clearance and insulation withstand, as well as the permissible loads delivered to substation equipment and structures. The permissible loads, in… Read more
Jun 26, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Comprehensive Guide to Secondary Injection Testing of the Current Transformers (Part 1)
Welcome to the first part of our three-part series on current transformers (CTs) and their secondary circuits. In this series, we will delve into the intricacies of CT operation, explore the importance of secondary injection testing, examine the concept of…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Jun 19, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Backup line protection practice: Remote vs. local vs. breaker failure (logic and schematics)
When other protection fails or is unable to operate, such as when the proper circuit breaker(s) fail to trip, backup protection is supposed to kick in and clear the fault or detect the abnormal condition in the time allotted. The… Read more
Jun 12, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
