Power Substation
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Why do existing substations need to be automated
Let’s be honest, substation control and protection technology is advancing so fast that it’s amazing how quickly some of us become nostalgic for the past. That period used to be 20-30 years, but nowadays it’s about just 5-10 years. I’m not…...
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Nov 03, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Rules of Thumb In Substation Control and Trip Circuit Design
What are the trip circuits, and what do they do? Well, trip circuits are a small part of the control circuitry that exists within a substation, which provides functionality for protection, control, metering, and monitoring. Reliable design of trip circuits… Read more
Oct 27, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
The Most Costly Traps in the Engineering of a Substation Automation System (SAS)
The development of the engineering process is crucial in any SAS project. Sometimes it takes longer than expected and in extreme scenarios may put corporate deadlines for accomplishing entire substation projects at risk. There are several main factors that can… Read more
Sep 01, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Checks for Successful Substation Factory Acceptance Testing
This technical article will go over various aspects of factory acceptance testing (FAT) for custom prefabricated power substation and its related electrical components (such as MV and LV switchgear, MV-LV Motor Control Centre (MCC), UPS systems, AC/DC auxuliary power supply…...
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Aug 11, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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How to: Isolation, maintenance, and restoration of a 132kV GIS Transformer Bay and Line Bay
This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide to the standard operating procedures (SOPs) for the isolation, maintenance, and restoration of a 132kV GIS Transformer Bay and Line Bay. It will delve into detailed safety checks, specific steps to be…...
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Jul 15, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Power Substation
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Dangerous threats that can compromise operation of modern digital substations and IEDs
Digital substations are pretty fragile in terms of various kinds of threats. Yes, they are advanced and have a vast number of highly effective protection and control features, but this time, we’ll talk about the threats that can possibly compromise…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Jul 08, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Monitoring
The true art of control, monitoring and protection provided by Substation Automation Systems
The Substation Automation Systems, often known as SASs, are responsible for a tremendous variety of tasks. These include some extremely important actions, such as clearing faults in a timely manner in order to maintain the physical condition of power system… Read more
Jul 01, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for GIS Substations You MUST Fully Respect
This technical article delves into the necessity of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) at GIS substations, emphasizing the importance of meticulous documentation, regular review, and formal approval processes to ensure that all operational activities adhere to safety and performance standards. High-voltage…...
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Jun 24, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Power Substation
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A must-have checklist for IEC 61850 communications in digital substations
This article aims to inform the reader of important considerations when designing an IEC 61850 based substation communication system. There is a brief background introduction to substation communications, to give the reader context for the implementation of IEC 61850 based…...
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Apr 22, 2024 | By Kitab Paul Shah
Power Substation
Substation design choices and reasons for a new modern vs retrofit and upgrade an old one
This technical article addresses some of the most important reasons, dos and don’ts in making the substation design choices between designing a new modern and digital substation or retrofitting the existing one and upgrading its aging assets. We’ll discuss pricing… Read more
Oct 09, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Maintenance
Choosing between AIS and GIS substation design: Factors you MUST take into consideration
For the last sixty years, gas-insulated substation (GIS) has been used in applications related to substations all over the world, and this use of the technology is becoming an increasingly common asset for those who make use of substations. GIS… Read more
Jul 10, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Three most common SCADA applications in MV/LV distribution systems you SHOULD know
Electrical distribution systems comprise a large number of remote applications and locations, and it has traditionally been challenging to monitor and regulate these remote applications and sites. Utility companies have been installing remote terminal/telemetry units, often known as RTUs, at…...
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May 08, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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What is the substation automation system (SAS) and what you MUST know about it
Substation automation system, or shorten SAS, is not a new term, its been in use for the last 30 years. However, substation automation as a technology has rapidly evolved in the last 10 years and nowadays represents a highly advanced…...
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Mar 27, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
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Tricks in designing and analyzing schematics and diagrams of high voltage substations
High voltage power substations are complex networks of power and control connections, represented by design elements like- Single Line Diagrams, layout and block diagrams, schematics, logic diagrams, schedules, and so many more. Wiring diagrams and schematics, in a sense, are…...
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Aug 08, 2022 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Protection
Breaker failure protection applications of modern numerical distance relays
Modern numerical distance relays are equipped with a wide range of protection features, including overcurrent, overvoltage, undervoltage, underfrequency, overfrequency, breaker failure, synchronism check, power swing blocking and tripping, pilot protection schemes, digital relay-to-relay communications capability, logic programmability, and sophisticated math… Read more
Aug 01, 2022 | By Edvard Csanyi
