My practical experience in the electrical protection system of industrial generators

A functional protection system installed, commissioned, and maintained on critical equipment like an industrial generator is of high importance. As such, every protection system must have the ability to: accurately…...

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Aug 03, 2020 | Ezeala Winner

A case study of fault level calculations for a MV/LV network using direct method

This technical article represents the case study of fault level calculations for an MV/LV network using the direct method. There are many advantages of the direct approach, and the main…...

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Jul 19, 2020 | Sivakumar K

My experience and guidance in the design and electrification of a modern airport

The electrical systems for airports require proper quality installations and consideration for features usually not involved in other electrical installations. In this article, we will be discussing the general elements…...

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Jun 29, 2020 | Bishal Lamichhane

A real-life case study of relay coordination (step by step tutorial with analysis)

I would say that coordination is a TEAMWORK. In the protection context, it implies how the various protection devices in an electrical distribution network, work as a team, to achieve…...

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Jun 15, 2020 | Sivakumar K

My worst experience in the maintenance and supervision of medium voltage substations

While there are various voltage levels applicable across the globe depending upon the usability, the category of Medium Voltage remains one of the most critical voltage group comprising primary distribution…...

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Jun 01, 2020 | Bishal Lamichhane

The most common issues I experienced in wiring of a medium voltage switchgear

Nowadays, the design and manufacturing of a Medium Voltage switchgear is not an easy task. Many factors could affect the generation of an optimal set of engineering drawings to be…...

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May 18, 2020 | Ivan Contreras

My experience in the design and installation of medium voltage switchgears

Medium Voltage (MV) switchgear is typically any switchgear over 1000V in the United States (US). Some of the nominal voltage ratings used in the US by power utilities are 2.4-4.16kV,…...

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May 07, 2020 | Amar M

The essential HV/EHV substation auxiliary facilities you should know about

Nowadays, HV/EHV substations have become pretty complex from the design point of view. Besides the main electrical equipment, which must be designed and selected correctly, there are several auxiliary facilities…...

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Apr 27, 2020 | Edvard

Practical tips for the protection of generators and power transformers

There are usually several ways of protecting HV/MV generators and transformers. It should be noted that one protection relay is often used for several functions, for example, an overcurrent relay…...

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Apr 17, 2020 | Edvard

Mastering single line and wiring diagrams: Using circuit breaker for MV power factor correction

Within this article, custom made cubicle intended for supply and protection of MV reactive power compensation block, will be analyzed. Technical characteristics of major electrical components, together with three line…...

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Apr 09, 2020 | Miodrag Kokotovic

Mastering single line and wiring diagrams: MV earth fault protection

This technical article continues the series of articles dedicated to mastering single line and wiring diagrams of medium voltage switchgear. This time, the subject is the principle, and realization of…...

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Mar 26, 2020 | Miodrag Kokotovic

AC and DC facilities in electrical station services of major power plant types

In a power plant, the electrical station services (abbreviated to SS in the following) consists of all the DC facilities from 24 to 220 V and AC facilities up to…...

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Mar 23, 2020 | Edvard

Mastering single line and wiring diagrams: Interlocking between MV cubicles

There are numerous variations of MV switchgear topology, measurement, and control logic. However, there are also some basic rules related to these aspects which may be frequently seen in practice,…...

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Mar 12, 2020 | Miodrag Kokotovic

An overview of transformer connections and diagrams in the electric power system

Power transformers are used extensively by traditional electric utility companies, power plants, and industrial plants. This technical article summarizes the basic types, connections, and diagrams of transformers needed for analyzing…...

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Mar 05, 2020 | Edvard

When can we say that earthing arrangement is safe for people (confusions in practice)

This article will analyse some of the most important safety issues related to design and use of LV electrical installations. Besides explanation of relevant terms in this field defined by…...

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Feb 28, 2020 | Miodrag Kokotovic