How to use Lockout Relay (master trip relay) in substation protection and control design
Lockouts and auto-reclosures are apprentices of power systems protection that have long served to regulate power supply and safeguard important components from probable catastrophes. But are we taking them seriously enough? In implementing the lockout features, apart from their placements…...
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Feb 21, 2022 | By Bishal Lamichhane
The most popular wiring schemes and design essences of a Ring Main Unit (RMU)
In terms of operational requirements, it is pretty evident what a customer expects out of a Ring Main Unit – a hassle-free and uninterrupted distribution of power supply to electrical loads from one or more available sources. The onus is…...
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Feb 07, 2022 | By Bishal Lamichhane
The limit of the substation noise level over which it begins to irritate the community
This article will try to shed some light on the most common noise-related concerns associated with existing substations and provide mitigation methods to address these concerns. The continuous noise created by the operation of power transformers and reactors, as well…...
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Jan 24, 2022 | By Edvard Csanyi
Design guide to digital control and communication systems in modern substations
The power system has advanced pretty ahead of days when the power supply mechanism was an enigma, and lighting a bulb was the ultimate goal. Along with the advanced power utilization, the modern power supply system demands control and monitoring…...
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Jan 10, 2022 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Where and how to find the root cause of a power transformer failure (troubleshooting guide)
When Whatsapp, Facebook, or Gmail is down, it’s manageable, but if transformers fail, the entire business comes to a standstill. No-power-no-business transformers, as the heart of every substation, impact industries and affect the country’s economy and have social and political…...
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Dec 27, 2021 | By Rahmatullah Alam
Guidelines for HV substation designers to properly analyze, size and select equipment
Irrespective of the voltage level and capacity of any substation, the numbers of equipment and their size are usually the major factors in determining the overall capital cost of substations. In this article, we will primarily focus on analytical skills…...
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Dec 13, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Never let an electric motor drop dead. Learn how to listen and read the motor’s soul.
Like any other machine, electric motors are vulnerable to faults, which might lead to catastrophic failure of the machine in the long run if left unmonitored. In this technical article, I will try to shed some light on the possible…...
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Nov 29, 2021 | By Rahmatullah Alam
On-load tests you MUST perform during the switchgear commissioning process
On-load tests constitute the final activity in the commissioning process of low voltage or medium voltage switchgear. They are carried out immediately after the newly installed equipment is energized from the power system, and they are the definitive tests in…...
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Nov 22, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Major steps in designing generation and power evacuation in large hydropower plants
Hydropower plants, one of the major sources of energy in countries with an abundance of water resources, have unique generation and power evacuation characteristics. From mere kilowatts to thousands of megawatts, they come in every shape and size. In this…...
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Nov 15, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Learn how to prepare for transformer acceptance tests and final inspections
Generally speaking, acceptance tests and final inspections of a transformer should not have any improvisations, but they usually do have. The essential purpose in carrying out the final tests on the transformer is to ensure that the design is as…...
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Nov 01, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
The art of the switchyard design: Case study of a 220/33 kV 200 MW wind farm
This technical article continues with the switchyard design series by studying the case of the 220/33 kV 200 MW wind farm switchyard in which the design steps are put into practice. Previously, a switchyard design methodology was addressed and it’s…...
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Oct 18, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
AC substation detailed design guidelines: Best practice, dos and don’ts
Substation design is a very complex process that involves many professional engineers in many different areas. However, there are always few people who are leading the whole design process both from the technical and economical aspects. This technical article covers…...
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Oct 11, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Practical troubleshooting of power interruption in fully operational 33/11 kV substation
Power interruptions are one of the most critical issues that require a swift and effective remedy in a power substation. The power utility substations in the voltage level of 33/11 kV, 11/0.4 kV are generally the major distribution hub and,…...
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Oct 04, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
The art of the switchyard design: Handpicked details you must consider without fail
This article deals with switchyard design and it’s divided into two parts in which switchyard design considerations are discussed in the first part and the other part presents a case study of a 33/220 kV transmission switchyard. This article discusses…...
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Sep 20, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
Four abnormal operating conditions of a generator that could shut down the power plant
To be clear, the generator is very simple in construction and yet very complicated in operation rotating equipment. In a power plant, a generator cannot be considered in isolation because of a very large number of other equipment connected to…...
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Sep 06, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi

