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Measurements of bad impulsive noise in HV substation caused by partial discharge (PD) sources
The phenomenon of impulsive noise is generated by partial discharge (PD) sources in high voltage substations. A PD generates a current impulse, acoustic noise, visible and ultraviolet (UV) light and electromagnetic radiation, and accordingly its presence can be detected via…...
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Jun 22, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Critical role of time synchronisation in IEC 61850 based digital protection systems
The needs and exact precision of time synchronization in IEC 61850 based digital protection systems have evolved. With new technologies and better distribution methods, most modern intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) include at least one form of time synchronization. Many devices…...
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Jun 08, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Earthing In a Nutshell (Classification, Isolated Neutral, Methods Of Neutral Grounding)
The term earthing or grounding means connecting the non-current-carrying parts of the electrical equipment or the neutral point of the supply system to the general mass of earth in such a manner that all times an immediate discharge of electrical…...
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May 18, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
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High Voltage Cables In a Nutshell (Technology, Bonding, Installation and Service)
Differences between the electrical characteristics of overhead transmission lines and high voltage AC cables are fundamental and must be considered. This article gives a brief introduction to cable technology, with focus on the topics which must be considered when designing…...
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May 04, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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The Essentials Of Low Voltage Installations, Loads and Loads Modelling
Electrical installations are power systems aimed at final low voltage electricity consumption in homes, offices, and small companies. In electrical installation, electricity is usually taken from the public distribution network. Recently the concept of electrical installation has slightly evolved, since the…...
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Apr 20, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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The Essentials Of Substations, Electrical Equipment and Busbar Arrangements
Electrical power systems nowadays are generated, transmitted, and distributed in the form of alternating current. The electric power is produced at the power stations which are located in suitable places, generally quite away from the consumers. It is delivered to…...
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Apr 06, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Hardware and software components of energy management systems (EMS) and SCADA
The complete Energy Management System (EMS) system along with SCADA and the front-end systems have been identified as one of the more complex systems deployed. The only system that could be considered to be more complex than the EMS is…...
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Mar 23, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy Generation
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Why does generator-current breaking differ from other switching devices in T&D systems
There are few switching situations that differ from the duties standardized for switching devices in transmission and distribution systems. One of these special situations are generator-current breaking. Generator circuit-breakers are breakers applied at a rated voltage matching the rated voltage…...
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Mar 09, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Meet the Real Heart of Power System Operations – The Transmission Control Center
The transmission control centre is the real heart of every utility’s power system operations. Typical transmission control centres have three main desks – the generation, transmission and scheduling desk. Let’s take look at three main transmission and other support desks…...
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Feb 23, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Five telecommunication systems embedded in smart grid applications and services
Power utilities use telecommunication systems either as a support for grid assets’ operation or as the enabler for voice communications among operating staff. The main objective of utility telecommunications is to connect remote premises and staff with central premises and…...
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Feb 09, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Substation splitting and CB autoclosing for limitation of short-circuit currents
In this article, we describe method and technique of substation splitting and use of circuit breaker autoclosing that may be used for the control and limitation of the magnitude of short-circuit currents in both power system operational and design timescales…....
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Feb 02, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Neutral Point Treatment in Three-Phase Networks (Detailed Overview and Comparison)
The main faults in power networks are the single-phase short-circuit and the short-circuit to ground. The short-circuit to ground is a conductive connection between a point in the network belonging to the operational circuit and ground. Between 80% and 90%…...
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Jan 18, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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8 Examples Of Transformer Differential Protection Using SIPROTEC Numerical Relays
The following examples show the application of SIPROTEC numerical relays for transformer protection. The individual functions are designated, using ANSI codes (Standard C37.2 – Electrical Power System Device Function Numbers). The integrated supplementary functions in each relay may be applied…...
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Jan 05, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Analyzing Power System And Equipment Performance Through Oscillographic Records
Most technically oriented people recognize the familiar 60Hz voltage and current traces that constitute the parameters of an operating power system. There are, however, transient components superimposed on the 60Hz waveform in the form of spikes and higher and lower…...
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Dec 15, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
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How Bad Harmonics Influence The Work Of Rotating Machines (Induction Motors)
The presence of harmonics in the work of induction motors can be pretty bad. Why? They produce elastic deformation, that is, shaft deflection, parasitic torques, vibration noise, additional heating, and lower the efficiency of rotating machines. The movement of the…...
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Dec 01, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
