Medium Voltage
Installation guidelines for MV metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear (IEC 62271-200)
What does it mean ‘metal-enclosed switchgear’? Metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear are generally assembled from type-tested panels. As per IEC 62271-200 metal-enclosed switchgear installations must be designed so that their insulation capacity, degree of protection, current carrying capacity, switching capacity and… Read more
Jul 27, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
How system earthing keeps you and the network safe
The term “earthing” consists of several functions which only have “utilizing the earth” in common. Before describing the system earthing, it can be of interest to know a bit about the different types of earthing. Protective earthing is applicable mainly… Read more
Jul 22, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Control system equipment that supervises, protects and controls the substation operation
The control system equipment in a substation is a vital part that supervises, protects and controls the transmission of electrical power. The increasing complexity in the substations of today, together with the increasing transmitted power and the increasing fault current… Read more
Jul 13, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
Protection coordination practices in distribution systems with distributed generation
Generally, in most of the countries that cover large area, there are three types of distribution systems: urban, suburban, and rural. Each type of them has its own features regarding the length of the backbone, types of protection devices used,… Read more
Jul 08, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Principles and schemes of busbar and breaker protection in MV/HV/EHV networks
A busbar protection is a protection to protect busbars at short-circuits and earth-faults. In the “childhood” of electricity no separate protection was used for the busbars. Nearby line protection were used as back-up for busbar protection. With increasing short-circuit power… Read more
Jun 24, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
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Primary rated values for medium voltage switchgear often mixed by engineers
It’s not unusual to see that engineers mix terms of primary ratings. If they are not understood well, yes, it’s possible to mix some of them. But it’s essential to differentiate them. This technical article will try to shed some…...
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Jun 22, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
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A real-life case study of relay coordination (step by step tutorial with analysis)
I would say that coordination is a TEAMWORK. In the protection context, it implies how the various protection devices in an electrical distribution network, work as a team, to achieve the common objective of power supply continuity, even in the…...
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Jun 15, 2020 | By Sivakumar K
Power Substation
Protection practice recommendations and relay schemes for transformer, bus and breaker failure
Protective relays are most often applied with other protective and auxiliary relays as a system rather than individually. The following basic scheme descriptions apply to electromechanical, static, and microprocessor relay systems. The static and microprocessor relay systems generally have more… Read more
Jun 06, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
The impact of interconnection transformer on the protection of the utility system with DG
Interconnection transformers are used to interface a distribution generation (DG) unit with an existing power system, and to provide the necessary isolation. Utilities recommend using an interconnection transformer to eliminate possible zero sequence or dc components in the generated voltages,… Read more
Jun 03, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
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The most common issues I experienced in wiring of a medium voltage switchgear
Nowadays, the design and manufacturing of a Medium Voltage switchgear is not an easy task. Many factors could affect the generation of an optimal set of engineering drawings to be easily followed by the wiring people in the shop. One…...
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May 18, 2020 | By Ivan Contreras
Energy and Power
Four very important precautions for the installation of cables and busbar trunking systems
First, to be clear, there are dozen of concerns and precautions you should be aware of when we talk about energy transport. Cables and busbar systems are the most common and reliable ways to do so, at least until wireless… Read more
May 11, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
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The essential HV/EHV substation auxiliary facilities you should know about
Nowadays, HV/EHV substations have become pretty complex from the design point of view. Besides the main electrical equipment, which must be designed and selected correctly, there are several auxiliary facilities without which a substation would not be able to operate…...
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Apr 27, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Five power quality devices that every commercial plant must have installed
Nowadays everybody speaks about power quality. For many reasons, I would say. Electrical energy is now polluted more than ever, and consumers are more sensitive to power disruptions and fluctuations than a small flower to the stronger wind. But, it… Read more
Apr 20, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Premium Content
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Practical tips for the protection of generators and power transformers
There are usually several ways of protecting HV/MV generators and transformers. It should be noted that one protection relay is often used for several functions, for example, an overcurrent relay can be used for both overcurrent and earth fault protection…....
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Apr 17, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
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Switching devices you are likely to spot in every medium voltage switchgear
Up to and including 52 kV voltage range is generally referred to as “medium voltage”. This technical article shed some light on a few devices you are likely to spot in most of the medium voltage switchgear. But, before diving…...
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Apr 13, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
