Star-delta starting used with large horsepower motors
Star-delta starting is frequently employed with high horsepower motors to mitigate inrush current during the start-up stage and to reduce starting torque. Star-delta starting involves initially connecting the motor stator windings in a star configuration during the motor startup phase,… Read more
Oct 16, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
So automated, but so hackable. Is power grid in your country safe from cyberattacks?
Yes, many of today’s power grids are very sophisticated and automated. Every single event and piece of equipment is tracked, controlled, measured, and protected. But things aren’t as bright as it seems. As we can see, it turns out that…...
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Oct 14, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
The art of fault clearance in transmission systems: The logic of main and backup relays
The protection and fault clearance requires great attention. In terms of fault clearance protection, we categorize the relays into main protection relays and backup protection relays. The main protection relay is installed at all primary equipment, and it is essential… Read more
Sep 30, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
Mastering Distance Protection and Calculations: Never Mess Up Protection Accuracy
The first part of this article series delved into the fundamentals of overcurrent protection, exploring the intricacies of relay coordination, the impact of source impedance, and the application of distance protection. These foundational concepts laid the groundwork for understanding how…...
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Sep 23, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Mastering Distance Protection and Calculations: Advice and Serious Warnings
In 2004, I embarked on an intensive nine-month training program in protection and instrumentation. This experience laid the foundation for my deep understanding of substation protection systems, combining both theoretical knowledge and practical application. The first protection scheme we delved…...
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Sep 09, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Maintaining the integrity and earth resistance of substation earthing systems
At the beginning of my career in 2005, I had the opportunity to work at a 500kV substation with the National Transmission and Dispatch Company in Pakistan. During this time, I was introduced to various tools and techniques that were…...
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Aug 26, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Design engineering and the black start of a power plant
A black start refers to the ability of a power plant to restart itself using its own resources in the event of a complete shutdown and isolation from external power sources. Initiating a black start at an industrial plant might… Read more
Aug 19, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
How to Design Effective Substation Grounding (Practical Tips)
Substation earthing, or grounding, is essential for electrical safety and reliability in substations, which are critical nodes in the power distribution network. Proper earthing ensures safe dissipation of fault currents into the ground, preventing dangerous voltage build-ups that could cause…...
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Aug 12, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
The Job of an Electrical Commissioning Engineer (Activities and Real World Examples)
This article aims to cover the activity of electrical commissioning. Such a task in its entirety would be immense. Commissioning can mean many things in different instances. This article aims to give a philosophical and high level conceptual overview of…...
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Aug 05, 2024 | By Kitab Paul Shah
Handy earthing guidelines for true engineers
In the world of electrical engineering, ensuring the safety and reliability of power systems is paramount. A critical aspect of this is the proper implementation of earthing and bonding systems. This article delves into the fundamental concepts and applications of…...
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Jul 29, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Dangerous threats that can compromise operation of modern digital substations and IEDs
Digital substations are pretty fragile in terms of various kinds of threats. Yes, they are advanced and have a vast number of highly effective protection and control features, but this time, we’ll talk about the threats that can possibly compromise…...
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Jul 08, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
The true art of control, monitoring and protection provided by Substation Automation Systems
The Substation Automation Systems, often known as SASs, are responsible for a tremendous variety of tasks. These include some extremely important actions, such as clearing faults in a timely manner in order to maintain the physical condition of power system… Read more
Jul 01, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
ATS Schematics and Logic Analysis for a Substation 415V AC Auxiliary Supply Panel
In modern electrical power systems, ensuring a reliable and continuous supply of electricity is critical, particularly in facilities where downtime can result in significant operational disruptions and financial losses. Low voltage automatic transfer schemes at substations play a vital role…...
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Jun 03, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Often wrongly interpreted: Terminals, isolating links and bars in wiring diagrams and schematics
Terminals and other connecting elements, such as CT/VT shorting and isolating links, test blocks, and earthlings, often need to be better understood in analysing wiring diagrams and schematics. This can badly impact the testing and maintenance process, and sometimes, it…...
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May 20, 2024 | By Muhammad Kashif
Substation Equipment Maintenance: Often Neglected Until Something Big Drops Dead
The aging process starts the moment new substation equipment is put into service; how quickly it happens depends on a number of factors, including the equipment’s use, the environment, the quality of maintenance, and many more. However, things aren’t the… Read more
May 13, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
