Close and charging motor control circuits for a power circuit breaker explained in detail
This technical article deals with schematics of close and charging motor control circuits for a medium-voltage circuit breaker. The proper functioning of MV switchgear depends on control circuits. For the switchgear to operate properly, the integrity of these control circuits… Read more
Feb 13, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
The art of predicting the fate of a power transformer by looking into a cup of oil
Insulation medium is an indispensable part of a power transformer, and the interesting thing about it is that it can drop dead at any time. Most of the time, this doesn’t happen, but… This article presents the transformer oil features…...
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Jan 09, 2023 | By Salem Alshahrani
Often incorrectly specified and ordered: Power transformer fittings and accessories
Modern transformers are like cars full of sensors and electronics that scream and flash when something goes wrong. Most of the time, that’s very good and useful, but it could be irritating in case of repetitive false alarms that need…...
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Nov 14, 2022 | By Edvard Csanyi
Inside Variable Frequency Drive (VFD) Panel: Configuration, Schematics and Troubleshooting
Proper analysis of the VFD’s power and control circuit diagrams is essential for successful troubleshooting. But before starting any analysis, you must know how your system connected through VFD works and how it breathes. You must also know all components…...
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Jul 25, 2022 | By Mohammed Ayman
The most common type tests required for medium and high voltage switchgear
Let me put the definition of switchgear type tests this way. A switchgear MUST withstand voltage in normal and abnormal conditions and to carry varying load currents during its lifetime. A switchgear MUST be able to clear faults occurring due…...
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May 02, 2022 | By Edvard Csanyi
Where and how to find the root cause of a power transformer failure (troubleshooting guide)
When Whatsapp, Facebook, or Gmail is down, it’s manageable, but if transformers fail, the entire business comes to a standstill. No-power-no-business transformers, as the heart of every substation, impact industries and affect the country’s economy and have social and political…...
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Dec 27, 2021 | By Rahmatullah Alam
On-load tests you MUST perform during the switchgear commissioning process
On-load tests constitute the final activity in the commissioning process of low voltage or medium voltage switchgear. They are carried out immediately after the newly installed equipment is energized from the power system, and they are the definitive tests in…...
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Nov 22, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn how to prepare for transformer acceptance tests and final inspections
Generally speaking, acceptance tests and final inspections of a transformer should not have any improvisations, but they usually do have. The essential purpose in carrying out the final tests on the transformer is to ensure that the design is as…...
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Nov 01, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
On-site transformer diagnostic measurements: The art of troubleshooting and maintenance
Transformer life management requires a portfolio of the different kinds of on-site electrical tests to be performed. This is where things get complicated. The purposes for performing these tests include fingerprint measurements of new transformers to characterize the initial status,… Read more
Sep 13, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
A quick reminder to substation transformer basics and safety precautions, dos and don’ts
Let us remind ourselves of the basics of substation transformer parts, their operation principles, and do’s and don’ts for safety measures and precautions. For novice substation engineers it’s important to recognize every single detail of a transformer and later to… Read more
Aug 16, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
My worst experience in testing and commissioning power transformers (and how I fixed things up)
Reliable and secure electric power delivery is dependent on power transformers’ reliability that is enhanced significantly by sound test plans. These test plans shall be prepared by both manufacturers and end-users to develop thorough and effective plans and specifications. The…...
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Apr 29, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
Troubleshooting Buchholz relay and recommended actions during transformer operation
This technical article provides guidance on the possible causes of Buchholz relay operation and recommends actions following the receipt of a Buchholz surge trip or gas collection alarm. It covers both operational situations and situations that arise during the commissioning… Read more
Feb 15, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Functional testing of IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems
Testing the protection element settings of IEDs and protection schemes are well established practices when testing a Protection, Automation and Control (PAC) system. Tools and methods are available to support standardized and automated protection testing routines. Test plans can be… Read more
Feb 08, 2021 | By Christian B. and Eugenio C. at OMICRON
Recommendations for the successful erection of medium voltage switchgear
Electrical engineers working on project execution know that switchgear erection brings many challenges, no matter the voltage level. The switchgear cannot always be assembled in the factory and shipped to the site as a complete plant, so it is usually…...
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Feb 01, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn how to read and analyze control circuits of MV gas insulated switchgear (GIS)
The single-line diagram example for a double-bus and a single breaker clarifies several concepts that are for the GIS only. It is challenging to comprehend and grasp the control circuits due to the interrelated components and functions that impose additional…...
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Jan 25, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
