If the voltage or current in a power circuit are too high to connect measuring instruments or relays directly, coupling is made through transformers. Such measuring transformers are required to… Read more
Dec 03, 2018 | Edvard
The installation of a dedicated substation to serve a plant actually involves an interface between the utility and the plant. Close coordination between utility and plant personnel is essential so… Read more
Nov 21, 2018 | Edvard
Polarity is very important for the operation of transformers and protection equipment. A clear understanding of polarity is useful in understanding and analyzing of transformer connections and operation as well… Read more
Nov 19, 2018 | Edvard
In previous article we described how overcurrent, restricted earth fault (REF) and differential protection of a transformer can be applied and explained their schemes. This part continues with other, also… Read more
Nov 14, 2018 | Edvard
The problems relating to transformer temperature rise above an assumed maximum ambient temperature require some means of protection. Let’s summarize the problems and the possible forms of transformer protection that… Read more
Nov 12, 2018 | Edvard
The term biased-differential or percentage differential is based on the fact that the operating threshold increases with the through current. Because of that, comparison of upstream and downstream currents in… Read more
Oct 22, 2018 | Edvard
A short circuit in an electrical circuit is a part of the circuit that for some reasons has become “shorter” than it should be. The current in an electrical circuit… Read more
Oct 03, 2018 | Edvard
When selecting the type of transformer correctly electrical engineer needs to know its different electrical and thermal properties and the resistance to stresses due to faults or normal service of… Read more
Sep 26, 2018 | Edvard
Various types of instrument transformers are currently in use on the basis of the varied applications of these devices. The construction aspects and sizing play an important role in the… Read more
Sep 05, 2018 | Edvard
Developments in communication have done much to realize the digital substation, but to realize a full digital substation it is necessary to have everything in digital form. Whilst much substation… Read more
Jul 25, 2018 | Edvard
