Protection
The basic calculation of transmission line protection
The excessive currents accompanying a fault, are the basis of overcurrent protection schemes. For transmission line protection in interconnected systems, it is necessary to provide the desired selectivity such that relay operation results in the least service interruption while isolating… Read more
Dec 16, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Aluminium or copper busbar trunking system? What do you say?
These two materials (aluminium and copper) are both physically and economically viable for use as conductors in power busbar trunking systems (BTS). Some manufacturers of busbar trunking systems offer a product with copper busbars and others offer a product with… Read more
Oct 17, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Quality
How to locate harmonic currents and where to control them?
On radial utility distribution feeders and industrial plant power systems, the main tendency is for the harmonic currents to flow from the harmonic-producing load to the power system source. This is illustrated in Figure 1. The impedance of the power… Read more
Sep 16, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
Power flow in MV radial network and calculation of voltage drop and loss
In three phase system the load for each phase should be the same. We call symmetrical load when the load of each phase is equal. In symmetrical circuit each phase has same configuration, so in drawing we can represent only… Read more
Sep 12, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
4 essential implementations of protective relays in power systems
In this technical article, protective relays are categorized depending on the component which are protect: Generators Transmission lines Transformers, and Loads There are different protection schemes used for protecting generators depending on type of fault to which they are subjected…. Read more
Sep 05, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Why busbar trunking system is a space saving solution worth every penny
As line distribution boards, busbar trunking system (BTS) also belongs to the group of switchgear assemblies documented in IEC 61439 (VDE 0660-600). Apart from the general requirements of IEC 61439-1 (VDE 0660-600-1), the required product features of busbar trunking system… Read more
Aug 17, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Five transformer constructions you’re most likely to see inside buildings
There are several different types of transformer constructions you can see installed in substations inside commercial and other buildings. This article is generally applicable only to transformers of the liquid filled, ventilated dry, or gas filled dry types. Liquid insulated and gas… Read more
Aug 01, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
What is distribution substation and its main components?
Distribution substation typically operates at 2.4 – 34.5 kV voltage levels, and deliver electric energy directly to industrial and residential consumers. Distribution feeders transport power from the distribution substations to the end consumers’ premises. These feeders serve a large number of premises… Read more
Jul 22, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
The basics of power in alternating current circuits (you MUST NEVER forget)
In a DC circuit, the power is equal to the voltage times the current, or P=V×I. This is also true in an AC circuit when the alternating current and voltage are in phase. That is, when the circuit is resistive…. Read more
Jul 08, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Power Distribution Network Explained To Electrical Engineers (Beginners)
In the UK, voltages of 132 kV, 110 kV, 66 kV, 33 kV and 11 kV are typically used to provide primary distribution, with a 380–415 V three-phase and neutral low voltage supply to smaller consumers, such as residential or… Read more
Jun 28, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
4 Main Types Of Distribution Feeder Systems To Recognize
Let’s take a look at the four most common distribution feeder systems applied nowadays. There are few other variations, but we will stick to the basic ones. It’s very important to understand why and where each of distribution feeder systems (topologies)… Read more
Jun 23, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
5 Serious Environmental Impacts Of HVAC Over HVDC Overhead Transmission Lines
The following discussion largely summarizes a paper by L. A. Koshcheev (2003) on the potential environmental impacts of HVDC overhead transmission lines in comparison to HVAC lines. In the paper, Koshcheev points out that an HVDC transmission system provides environmental… Read more
Jun 20, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Influence Of Electric Field and Clearances In EHV AIS Substation
Bus height is also governed and calculated by the fact that allowable electric field due to live conductor at man height should be less than permissible value as per guidelines laid down by EPRI AC transmission Line Reference Book –… Read more
May 27, 2016 | By Asif Eqbal
Power Substation
Clearance Requirements In EHV AIS Substation You MUST Respect
Starting point for planning a substation is its single line diagram (SLD) which relates to circuit configuration, number of bus bars and its type and other associated equipment. However from erection and installation point of view layout of any substation… Read more
May 25, 2016 | By Asif Eqbal
High Voltage
What would be the best solution for urban supply networks – AIS or GIS system?
This technical analysis was carried out by ABB to show that for urban supply networks the combination of HV gas insulated switchgear – GIS (due to their compactness and flexibility) and HV cable has important advantages over systems with air insulated… Read more
May 23, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
