Basic AC circuit, impedance & admittance
In the analysis of an AC circuit, voltage and current phasors are used with resistances and reactances in much the same way that voltages and currents are used with resistances in the analysis of a DC circuit.

The original ac circuit, called a time-domain circuit, is transformed into a phasor-domain circuit that has phasors instead of sinusoidal voltages and currents, and that has reactances instead of inductances and capacitances.
Also, the analysis of the phasor-domain circuit requires no calculus, but only complex algebra.
Finally, all the DC circuit analysis concepts for finding voltages and currents apply to the analysis of a phasor-domain circuit. But, of course complex numbers are used instead of real numbers.
Phasor-domain circuit elements
The transformation of a time-domain circuit into a phasor-domain circuit requires relations between the voltage and current phasors for resistors, inductors, and capacitors. First, consider obtaining this relation for a resistor of R ohms. For a current i = Im sin (ωt+θ), the resistor voltage is, of course r = RImsin (ωt+θ). with associated references assumed.
The corresponding phasors are:
I = Im / √2 θ A and V = RIm / √2 θ V
Dividing the voltage equation by the current equation and produces a relation between the voltage and current phasors:
V/I = (ImR / √2) θ / (Im / √2) θ = R
This result shows that the resistance R of a resistor relates the resistor voltage and current phasors in the same way that it relates the resistor voltage and current.

Because of this similarity, the relation V/I = R can be represented in a phasor-domain circuit in the same way that V/I = R is represented in the original time-domain circuit. Figure 1 shows this.
Title: | Theory and problems – Basic circuit analysis – John O’Malley, professor of Electrical Engineering University of Florida |
Format: | |
Size: | 10.3 MB |
Pages: | 432 |
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It was a nice refresher on the basics and it definitely helps to just go back to the basics every now and then .Speaking as a second year student in EE Engineering, I wish universities would focus more on making sure the students understand the fundamentals. Thanks for this article.