Electrical engineering in the construction of new infrastructure and facilities

EE requirements

The aim of this manual is to assist those concerned with formulating requirements for electrical engineering in the construction of new infrastructure and facilities, existing facilities and infrastructure undergoing refurbishment, leased facilities for use or occupation by Defence and maintenance of existing installations.

However, in recognition of the additional Defence capability requirements, this manual generally specifies additional levels of electrical engineering than those required by the regulations and standards.

In this manual are requirements for:

1. General Technical Requirements
2. Internal Electrical Services
3. Switchboard Labelling and Numbering
4. RCD protection
5. Power Factor Correction
6. Artificial Lighting
7. 400 Hertz Systems
8. Hazardous and Explosive Area Installations
9. Aircraft Earth Reference Points
10. Wharf Services
11. Emergency Power Systems
12. Uninterruptible Power Systems (UPS)
13. Local Emergency Generators (LEG)
14. Mobile Generator Link Boxes (MGLB)
15. Electrical Reticulation and Power Generation Systems
16. High and Low Voltage Distribution Systems
17. Central Emergency Power Stations (CEPS), Central Power Stations (CPS) and Central Energy Plant (CEP)
18. Power Control and Monitoring Systems (PCMS)
19. Operation of Power Generations and HV & LV Distribution Systems

High Voltage System Master Planning

An electrical master plan is a stand-alone document that provides a framework within which the future development of electrical supply infrastructure at a Defence establishment can take place.

1. Electrical supply into the establishment;
2. Electrical distribution within the establishment;
3. The requirements for standby generation, and
4. The requirements for monitoring and control systems for the electrical systems.

Master Plan Policy Objectives

The objective of this policy is to provide a strategic framework within which electrical infrastructure works are implemented in a carefully considered way.

The purpose of this is to:

1. Ensure adequate infrastructure capacity is available for new and current developments for a minimum of 15 years;
2. Minimise redundant or abortive works;
3. Provide a framework for the planning of longer-term infrastructure projects.

Master Plan Concepts

The following concepts are used in master planning and development planning as discussed in the following paragraphs and shown in the typical high voltage system diagram, Figure 1 below.

Primary Distribution

For the purposes of convenience the electrical distribution is divided into two major components, the primary distribution and secondary distribution.

The feeder cables can be either:

1. Incoming feeders from the DNSP, or
2. Interconnections that directly connect the primary nodes.

The primary nodes can be either:

1. Primary Switching Stations – HV switchboards, such as the establishment HV switchboard, at which no voltage transformations occur; or
2. Primary Substations – Substations at which a transformation occurs from a higher voltage, such as the DNSP’s sub transmission voltage, to the HV distribution voltage used at the establishment.

Secondary Distribution

The secondary distribution is that portion of the electrical network associated with conversion of the electrical supply to the final utilisation voltage (400V). It consists of the distribution substations and the ring mains that connect these to the primary nodes.