Power Substation
Where and Why Do We Use Grounding Transformer (zig-zag, grounded wye-delta)
Grounding transformers are sometimes used on distribution systems. A grounding transformer provides a source for zero sequence current. Sometimes they are used to convert a 3-wire, ungrounded circuit into a 4-wire, grounded circuit…. Read more
Jun 08, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Shielding and Grounding Practices for Control Cables in EHV Substations
For several years, the increased application of solid-state devices for protective relaying and control and for electronic equipment, such as audio tones, carrier and microwave equipment, event recorders, and supervisory… Read more
May 20, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Important points about grounding of electronic equipment
Grounding electronic equipment for personal safety and clearing of faults is no different than that of any other equipment. Safe grounding requires fast opening of circuit breakers or fuses and… Read more
Jan 29, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
When You Ground Ungrounded System With Grounding Transformer
The common grounding assumes a wye-connected neutral to ground. As this is not always the case, and in some cases it is not a three-phase system that it is desired… Read more
Jan 20, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Analysis of pole-mounted MV/LV transformer grounding
Let’s discuss in some detail the reasons for the grounding philosophy adopted for pole-mounted MV/LV transformer substations illustrated in Figure 0. Contents: LV grounding MV grounding Combined MV/LV grounding Separate… Read more
Sep 23, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What NEC says about design constraints for grounding systems
Several key design constraints for grounding systems from the NEC are as follows. These are paraphrased from the code text: Ø Electrical systems that are grounded must be grounded in such… Read more
Oct 22, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
18 key terms defined in NEC system grounding requirements
The topic of system grounding is extremely important, as it affects the susceptibility of the system to voltage transients, determines the types of loads the system can accommodate, and helps… Read more
Oct 15, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Technical Guide/Paper
Spreadsheet to calculate the size of neutral earthing transformer
When the system neutral may not available, earthing transformer may be used to obtain the neutral. The neutral point of transformer to the earth ground network provides a reference point… Read more
Jul 12, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Earthing (grounding) transformer – Voltages during a ground fault
Earthing Transformer or grounding transformer is the neutral grounding transformer – star connected on the primary and has an open delta on secondary. Open Delta has two terminals. A resistor is… Read more
May 05, 2014 | By Asif Eqbal
Energy and Power
An Overview Of Grounding System (Grounded)
Continued from technical article: An Overview Of Grounding System (Ungrounded) Solidly grounded system Resistance grounded system Reason for resistance grounding System earthing at EHV level Let us assume that R… Read more
Oct 14, 2013 | By Asif Eqbal
Energy and Power
An Overview Of Grounding System (Ungrounded)
Ungrounded system Derivation of current expression in ungrounded system Advantages & disadvantages of ungrounded system Concept of effective and non-effective grounding Coefficient of earthing and earth fault factor Before 1950… Read more
Oct 11, 2013 | By Asif Eqbal
Energy and Power
Comparison Of Neutral Earthing Methods
Neutral earthing systems are very similar to circuit breakers in that they do nothing until something in the system goes wrong! There are several methods for system earthing which can… Read more
Sep 16, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Grounding systems and their 3-letter classification
Low voltage systems supplying to consumer premises are predominantly solidly grounded. Protective ground connection to consumer premises (or extending the supply system ground to consumer premises) is however done in different… Read more
Apr 12, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What is the difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing?
One of the most misunderstood and confused concept is difference between Bonding, Grounding and Earthing. Bonding is more clear word compare to Grounding and Earthing, but there is a micro… Read more
Sep 27, 2012 | By jiguparmar
Energy and Power
Floating Neutral Impacts in Power Distribution
If the Neutral Conductor is opened, broke or lost at either of its source side (Distribution Transformer, Generator or at Load side – Distribution Panel of Consumer), the distribution system’s… Read more
Aug 27, 2012 | By jiguparmar
