Energy and Power
Electrical installations where use of TN-C-S system is prohibited
A real danger can arise when the non-current-carrying metalwork of an installation is connected to the system’s neutral, as is the case with a TN-C-S-fed system. The ground system is… Read more
Nov 06, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Industrial Automation
Hardware Implementation of Substation Control and Automation
To form a substation control system, the various elements described above must be assembled into some form of topology. Three major hardware topologies can be identified as being commonly used. Let’s get into… Read more
Oct 28, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Eight Most Common Schemes To Supply MV Switchboard
Medium voltage networks are made up of switchboards and the connections feeding them. Let’s take a look at the eight different supply modes of these medium voltage switchboards. We’ll start with… Read more
Oct 23, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Technical Guide/Paper
Design and construction of long-distance HV transmission systems
To clearly describe power transmission facilities, it is necessary to draw a distinction between transmission and distribution, both of which refer to the transport of electricity. Distribution refers to supplying… Read more
Oct 03, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Technical Guide/Paper
A mini project – Operation and maintenance of a 220/132 KV substation
A Single Line Diagram (SLD) of an electrical system is the line diagram of the concerned electrical system which includes all the required electrical equipment connection sequence wise from the… Read more
Sep 26, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Technical Guide/Paper
Electrical Design Of 132/33KV Substation
The project work assigned to us was to design a 132/33 KV EHV substation. We considered incoming power at 132 KV and the power was transferred to main bus through… Read more
Sep 19, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
SF6 or Vacuum MV Circuit Breaker In Specific Switching Applications
Many years of experience in developing both SF6 and vacuum medium-voltage circuit breakers has yielded up ample evidence that neither of the two technologies is generally better than the other,… Read more
Sep 14, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
5 Steps To Safely Shutdown a Large Generator
Normally, units are removed from service through operator initiation of distributed control system (DCS) commands or turbine trip buttons that shutdown the prime mover. Closure of steam or fuel valves… Read more
Sep 11, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Industrial Automation
3 Conditions That Can Damage Your PLC
In certain applications, the operating environment may have extreme conditions that require special attention or otherwise can seriously damage PLCs. These adverse conditions include excessive noise and heat and nuisance… Read more
Aug 31, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
Electrical Design Project Of a Small Bakery
A small bakery with just a counter and storage areas is simple to design. The electrical design follows the layout for a house, but care must be taken on loading factors if… Read more
Aug 26, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
Few advice for improving integrity of protective conductor
Most modern electronic equipment uses switched mode power supplies (SMPS) which draw pulses of current from the mains supply rather than a continuous sinusoidal current. The fast rise time edges of the… Read more
Aug 14, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy Efficiency
7 key steps in lighting design process
To achieve the best overall outcome in a lighting installation, it is important to avoid the tendency of rushing straight into luminaire selection before determining more broadly what is required… Read more
Aug 03, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
Essential Basics of Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)
For a signal y, the total harmonic distortion (THD) is defined by the equation: This definition complies with that of standard IEC 61000-2-2. Note that the resulting value may exceed… Read more
Jul 22, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
Medium Voltage Earthing Systems – Arrangements and Comparison
First, let’s define the different medium voltage earthing systems and then compare the advantages and disadvantages of each one. Earthing systems in medium voltage can be differentiated according to the… Read more
Jul 03, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Example for Coordination of Cascaded Circuit Breakers
A 440 V 60 Hz switchboard feeds a 4-wire distribution board for small loads such as socket outlets. The switchboard has a fault making capacity of 100kA rms. After applying… Read more
Jun 24, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
