Civil engineering in installation of substation buildings and switchboard rooms

What is the civil engineering of substation? The civil engineering includes a large quantity of information and details for the structural drawings required to design switchgear installations. The structural drawings… Read more

Apr 01, 2020 | Energy and Power

Six less known phenomena that can cause disturbance in electrical installations

In addition to the known phenomena of lightning and switching, numerous new sources, in particular power converters, can cause disturbance in installations. This disturbance, which is generated by the installation… Read more

Mar 30, 2020 | Energy and Power

Mastering single line and wiring diagrams: MV earth fault protection

This technical article continues the series of articles dedicated to mastering single line and wiring diagrams of medium voltage switchgear. This time, the subject is the principle, and realization of…...

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Mar 26, 2020 | Medium Voltage ♛

AC and DC facilities in electrical station services of major power plant types

In a power plant, the electrical station services (abbreviated to SS in the following) consists of all the DC facilities from 24 to 220 V and AC facilities up to…...

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Mar 23, 2020 | Energy and Power ♛

The art of determining the right cross-section of low voltage conductors

To be clear at the beginning of this article, determining the cross-section of conductors and cables is, for sure, not the most exciting part of electrical design. There are much… Read more

Mar 16, 2020 | Cables

Mastering single line and wiring diagrams: Interlocking between MV cubicles

There are numerous variations of MV switchgear topology, measurement, and control logic. However, there are also some basic rules related to these aspects which may be frequently seen in practice,…...

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Mar 12, 2020 | Medium Voltage ♛

Best relay protection practices applied to shunt reactors, capacitors, SVCs and STATCOMs

This technical article explains the protection practices applied to shunt reactors and capacitors as well as to static var compensators (SVCs) and static compensators (STATCOMs). Dry-type and oil-immersed reactors usually… Read more

Mar 11, 2020 | Protection

What are the primary substation feeders? How to analyze their arrangements?

A feeder carries energy to a substation or bus or to several loads. The several substation feeder arrangements are discussed in this technical article. Feeder may connect two substation buses… Read more

Mar 09, 2020 | Power Substation

An overview of transformer connections and diagrams in the electric power system

Power transformers are used extensively by traditional electric utility companies, power plants, and industrial plants. This technical article summarizes the basic types, connections, and diagrams of transformers needed for analyzing…...

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Mar 05, 2020 | Power Substation ♛

Five actions to achieve excellent energy savings in old electrical installations

Not all existing electrical installations lack energy efficiency, but most of them do. Especially if they were built 15-20 years ago and older. Although it is generally acknowledged that substantial… Read more

Mar 04, 2020 | Energy and Power