Alarms Coming From the Shunt Reactor You Must Never Ignore (and what should be done)
Nowadays, monitoring of transformers and shunt reactors is pretty much common. However, the difference is in the nuances. There are dozens of parameters that can be monitored and the the overall cost is not negligible at all. There are many…...
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Mar 24, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

Seven steps to improve visual impact of a power substation
The aesthetics of the substation should be of greatest significance to the community. To ensure environmental compatibility and community acceptance, it is vital to involve the community in the early stages of a project. It is possible that environmental impact… Read more
Mar 17, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

Design of Auto/Manual Changeover Logic Between Two Busbars Within a Substation
In any industry/plant, the operations rely heavily on interruption free supply of power to meet the targets of production. As a result, we see emergency generators, UPSs or renewable energy sources to save us from complete shutdown. This back-up or…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Mar 10, 2025 | By Umer Nasir

What is Time Grading in Relay Protection
What are time grading and relay coordination in protection philosophy? Let’s try to figure out how to grade (or rank) the relays’ operation times so that the one nearest the problem operates first. In Radial Distribution Systems, time-graded protection works… Read more
Mar 07, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

Execution of a Turnkey Substation Project: How not to step on the same rake again
Behind the successful execution of a turnkey substation project is always successful project management. Young engineers working on the execution of substation projects often repeat the same mistakes that often lead to unforeseen project costs. Generally speaking, management of turnkey…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Mar 03, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

Comprehensive Guide to Transformer Specification: Ensuring Compliance with IEC 60076 – Part 1
Power transformers are the backbone of modern electrical infrastructure, enabling the efficient transmission and distribution of electricity across vast networks. Given their critical role in maintaining grid stability and power quality, transformers must be designed, manufactured, and tested in accordance… Read more
Feb 24, 2025 | By Muhammad Kashif

Technical Documentation for a Turnkey Substation
A Turnkey Substation is a substation that is designed, constructed, and commissioned by a Service Provider according to the specifications established by the Customer. A Service Provider is an entity (business) that provides services to other entities (companies). The Customer,…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Feb 17, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

How to configure medium voltage switchgear: Key influences and stress variables
Let’s discuss the most critical factors that influence the correct configuration of medium-voltage switchgear. As you will see below, for the most common applications of MV switchgear, there are at least six main categories that are very important in the… Read more
Feb 10, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

Interlocking for 380kV GIS Substation: Insights into CB and isolator test and service positions
Interlocking systems are critical to the safe and efficient operation of high-voltage substations, ensuring proper sequencing of equipment operations and preventing dangerous scenarios such as simultaneous energization or grounding. This technical article delves into the intricacies of the 380kV interlocking…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Feb 03, 2025 | By Muhammad Kashif

Design of Emergency Diesel Generator Control Circuit Logic for Integration with the Utilities
Many utilities have diesel generators added to their energy mix to act as an emergency back-up source when a power shutdown occurs. These emergency generators cannot thwart the entire system from going down but are critical for safe shutdown of…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Jan 27, 2025 | By Umer Nasir

Good operating practices for switchgear circuit breakers and contactors
The purpose of this guideline is to provide suggested practices for the operation and inspection of medium voltage (2 to 13.8 kV) and low voltage (200 to 480 volt) draw-out switchgear circuit breakers and contactors. Good operating practices are critical… Read more
Jan 20, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

Interlocking for 380kV GIS Substation: One-and-a-half breaker scheme analysis
This article delves into various aspects of the one-and-a-half breaker scheme applied to 380kV GIS switchgear, starting with its benefits and operational framework. It further examines the critical interlocking concepts, including open and closed positions, the “under operation” state (dangerous…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Jan 13, 2025 | By Muhammad Kashif

The issue of a proper phase sequence (CW or CCW) on electric motors and generators
Phase sequence or phase rotation is one of the most confusing concepts in the electrical engineering. It is often confused with motor rotation. For instance, one would say: “If it doesn’t turn the way you want it, just rewire two… Read more
Jan 06, 2025 | By Edvard Csanyi

Maintenance Practices to be Followed for On-Site Generator Overhauling
This discussion will focus on the on-site overhauling of a gas-powered generator, detailing the essential procedures for its enhancement. It is a common practice for utilities to test electrical assets periodically after a certain interval of time mainly as part…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Dec 30, 2024 | By Umer Nasir

Best practice for providing LV supply into high earth potential rise sites in substations
During the passage of earth-fault current a substation earth electrode is subjected to an earth potential rise. Potential gradients develop in the surrounding ground area and these are highest adjacent to the substation earth electrode. The earth potential rise reduces… Read more
Dec 23, 2024 | By Edvard Csanyi
