7 essential functions of a digital substation automation system (SAS)

As you already know, every power substation consists of a group of HV devices whose individual sizes depend on substation operation voltages, which is called the primary equipment, as well…...

PREMIUM Membership Required

This content is available for Premium members only. Premium membership gives you an access to specialized technical articles and other extra premium content (electrical guides and software). Login ♛Register ♛

Oct 05, 2018 | Power Substation ♛

Short circuit phenomenon you should understand

A short circuit in an electrical circuit is a part of the circuit that for some reasons has become “shorter” than it should be. The current in an electrical circuit… Read more

Oct 03, 2018 | Protection

Coordination analysis for a typical 13 kV distribution feeder of several lines

A typical 13 kV feeder of several lines at a distribution substation is shown in Figure 1. This is supplied from a 115 kV line through a 15/20/25 MVA transformer… Read more

Oct 01, 2018 | Medium Voltage

MV/LV transformer protection against temperature rise, overloads, short-circuit & overvoltages

When selecting the type of transformer correctly electrical engineer needs to know its different electrical and thermal properties and the resistance to stresses due to faults or normal service of… Read more

Sep 26, 2018 | Power Substation

Busbar protection schemes for distribution substations

Busbars play an important role in power transmission and distribution. They are employed as a central distribution point for all feeders. In the case of a fault, current on the… Read more

Sep 24, 2018 | High Voltage

How to know if you set the correct current on a motor thermal overload relay

The full-load current at a given voltage indicated on the nameplate is normative for setting the overload relay. Because of the variable voltages around the world, motors for pumps are… Read more

Sep 19, 2018 | Electric Motor

Secondary equipment you should always consider when retrofitting existing HV substation

This approach assumes retrofitting and upgrading old substation secondary equipment such as intelligent electronic devices (IEDs), monitoring sensors, power apparatus, communication protocol and operating standards to improve the overall performance… Read more

Sep 17, 2018 | Monitoring

DC versus AC power transmission with reference to bulk-energy transfer

High voltage transmission systems has a dual purpose, i.e. system interconnection and bulk-energy transfer. With reference to system interconnection, the need to operate the whole system in perfect synchronism often…...

PREMIUM Membership Required

This content is available for Premium members only. Premium membership gives you an access to specialized technical articles and other extra premium content (electrical guides and software). Login ♛Register ♛

Sep 14, 2018 | Premium Content ♛

Relay settings and applying high-impedance differential busbar protection scheme

The most of HV busbur faults involve single phase and earth, but faults may arise from many different causes. The number of faults that stand out is between phases clear… Read more

Sep 12, 2018 | Protection

Earth fault protection of an AC motor in 4 different earthing systems

One of the most common faults to occur on a motor is a stator winding fault. Whatever the initial form of the fault (phase phase, etc.) or the cause (cyclic… Read more

Sep 10, 2018 | Electric Motor