Power Substation
Backup line protection practice: Remote vs. local vs. breaker failure (logic and schematics)
When other protection fails or is unable to operate, such as when the proper circuit breaker(s) fail to trip, backup protection is supposed to kick in and clear the fault or detect the abnormal condition in the time allotted. The… Read more
Jun 12, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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The good and bad practices in the commissioning of current transformers in a substation
In the previous technical article (check here), we delved into primary injection testing and the commissioning of current transformers. We explored the primary and secondary sides of current transformers, learned key concepts and terminology used by protection engineers, and examined…...
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Jun 05, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Power Substation
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Primary injection testing and CTs commissioning in power substations (for true engineers)
Primary injection testing is a vital procedure in the commissioning and maintenance of current transformers (CTs). These transformers are integral components of electrical systems, enabling precise measurement and effective protection of electrical currents. In this article, we will explore the…...
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May 29, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Power Substation
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Thumb rules, dos and don’ts in MV/HV switchgear testing and commissioning
No matter the approach, it is necessary that the testing engineers who will be responsible for commissioning the switchgear have a solid comprehension of the equipment that will be utilized and the various modes of operation that will be utilized…....
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May 22, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Dos and don’ts in creating operation logic diagrams for LV and MV switchgear feeders
Dealing with the switchgear operation logic diagrams is like setting the brain functions. It needs vigilance and patience from design engineer supported with hours and hours of testing and operation simulations. This technical article brings some light to the essence…...
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May 15, 2023 | By Muhammad Kashif
Power Substation
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Three most common SCADA applications in MV/LV distribution systems you SHOULD know
Electrical distribution systems comprise a large number of remote applications and locations, and it has traditionally been challenging to monitor and regulate these remote applications and sites. Utility companies have been installing remote terminal/telemetry units, often known as RTUs, at…...
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May 08, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
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Earthing system for a complex project: Analysis, calculation and installation (XLSX, DWG)
Creating safety measures against various faults that can be fatal for a human is a critical task that electrical designers and site engineers must consider in any project. Furthermore, instability of the electrical system and equipment damage can result from…...
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May 01, 2023 | By Mohammed Ayman
Power Substation
Differences between primary and secondary distribution networks (you MUST know!)
This article will clarify certain frequently misunderstood terms among novice engineers: primary and secondary systems, as well as their equipment and configurations. The transmission and distribution networks of North America are examined as an example. Electricity can be generated from… Read more
Apr 24, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Dos and don’ts in designing substation layout, implementing interlocks, operation and special applications
It’s always good to emphasize that substations can be a major headache for staff if they’re not designed properly. Because of this, it is essential for the success of a substation’s operation and maintenance to have a well-designed layout, an…...
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Apr 17, 2023 | By Salem Alshahrani
High Voltage
SF6 Gas Monitoring and Alarming Practices in Gas-Insulated Switchgear (GIS) Systems
This article provides guidance on how to conduct gas monitoring and explains the various alerts that can be set. The many sorts of defects that might lead to partial discharges are discussed, and various partial discharge measuring techniques are described,… Read more
Apr 10, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Design Knowhow: Low voltage substation layouts, earthing, fire protection and tests
The design of a low-voltage substation is a pretty complex and quite exciting job to do. If the designer would have complete freedom to make decisions regarding the substation layout, equipment, or cable routes, the job will be even more…...
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Apr 03, 2023 | By Mohammed Ayman
Power Substation
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What is the substation automation system (SAS) and what you MUST know about it
Substation automation system, or shorten SAS, is not a new term, its been in use for the last 30 years. However, substation automation as a technology has rapidly evolved in the last 10 years and nowadays represents a highly advanced…...
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Mar 27, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Technical specification of switchyard equipment in a nutshell (how-to guidelines and advice)
This article provides details on the various types of switchyard equipment, including power transformers, circuit breakers, disconnectors, and more. The technical specifications (or tender specifications) for each individual piece of equipment are laid forth. The related course, guide or article…...
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Mar 20, 2023 | By Salem Alshahrani
Electric Motor
The essentials of pumping, pump speed and flow rate control that engineers MUST know
Around twenty five percent of the energy that is consumed by electric motors worldwide is accounted for by pumping systems, and certain industrial facilities use anywhere from twenty-five to fifty percent of the total electrical energy available. There are significant… Read more
Mar 13, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
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Specific electrical design tips for a few most common types of commercial facilities
This technical article covers some specific considerations (modern power supply, electric distribution, transportation, lighting controls, and communication systems) for a few most common type of commercial facilities such as banks, colleges and universities, fire stations, health care facilities and office…...
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Mar 06, 2023 | By Edvard Csanyi
