The art of the switchyard design: Case study of a 220/33 kV 200 MW wind farm
This technical article continues with the switchyard design series by studying the case of the 220/33 kV 200 MW wind farm switchyard in which the design steps are put into practice. Previously, a switchyard design methodology was addressed and it’s…...
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Oct 18, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
How breaker failure relaying works?
Primary relays operate for a fault in their zone of protection in the shortest time and remove the fewest system elements to clear the fault. On the other hand, backup relays operate in the event that the primary relays fail…. Read more
Oct 15, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
AC substation detailed design guidelines: Best practice, dos and don’ts
Substation design is a very complex process that involves many professional engineers in many different areas. However, there are always few people who are leading the whole design process both from the technical and economical aspects. This technical article covers…...
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Oct 11, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Practical troubleshooting of power interruption in fully operational 33/11 kV substation
Power interruptions are one of the most critical issues that require a swift and effective remedy in a power substation. The power utility substations in the voltage level of 33/11 kV, 11/0.4 kV are generally the major distribution hub and,…...
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Oct 04, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Design issues in HV busbar protection systems (substation topology and DC power supply)
This technical article discusses criteria and requirements for designing protection systems for busbars in HV/EHV networks. One of the most critical requirements is reliable busbar relay protection to assure power system integrity during fault conditions. This requirement is further emphasized because… Read more
Sep 27, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
The art of the switchyard design: Handpicked details you must consider without fail
This article deals with switchyard design and it’s divided into two parts in which switchyard design considerations are discussed in the first part and the other part presents a case study of a 33/220 kV transmission switchyard. This article discusses…...
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Sep 20, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
On-site transformer diagnostic measurements: The art of troubleshooting and maintenance
Transformer life management requires a portfolio of the different kinds of on-site electrical tests to be performed. This is where things get complicated. The purposes for performing these tests include fingerprint measurements of new transformers to characterize the initial status,… Read more
Sep 13, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Four abnormal operating conditions of a generator that could shut down the power plant
To be clear, the generator is very simple in construction and yet very complicated in operation rotating equipment. In a power plant, a generator cannot be considered in isolation because of a very large number of other equipment connected to…...
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Sep 06, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Practical design knowledge in harmonics distortion and power factor correction (PFC)
Nowadays, if you do not consider harmonics distortion when designing a new network, you missed the whole point of the network design. Yes, really. The sooner you realize that harmonics problems are on the rise, the better. Modern power networks… Read more
Aug 30, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy metering in LV/MV substations and utilities: Dos and don’ts in installation and operation
Energy meters are one of the most important components for monitoring and data acquisition in a power system network with roles in every part of the power system network, from the generation to the commercialized end-users, through multiple transmission and…...
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Aug 23, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
A quick reminder to substation transformer basics and safety precautions, dos and don’ts
Let us remind ourselves of the basics of substation transformer parts, their operation principles, and do’s and don’ts for safety measures and precautions. For novice substation engineers it’s important to recognize every single detail of a transformer and later to… Read more
Aug 16, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Eleven deadliest mistakes made by young and unmindful substation engineers
Substation operation and maintenance is one meticulous and critical job that requires a great deal of expertise and familiarization. The complexity and scrutiny increase exponentially as the focus shifts to a higher voltage level, as the margin for error tends…...
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Aug 09, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Isolation power solutions for ultimate power availability, efficiency and safety in hospitals
Things are changing fast, really fast. Technology we used a few years ago is now obsolete, and if you take a look for a second – it’s always about power availability, efficiency, and safety. This technical article deals with Schneider… Read more
Aug 04, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Special measures needed for switching MV capacitor banks and filter circuits
Switching of medium voltage capacitor banks and filter circuits poses special demands on the circuit-breaker. Potentially critical impacts are the inrush current and the stress of the recovery voltage. This technical article deals with the requirements of capacitor banks without… Read more
Aug 02, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
MV/HV switchgear (circuit breaker) switching capability and suitability for specific applications
Circuit breakers (CBs) do interrupt fault currents and close onto faults. Besides, they could be used as isolation devices like disconnectors. The CBs manufacturers’ brochures and standards provide extensive data to select and assess the CBs performance, but designers must…...
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Jul 26, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
