On-load tests you MUST perform during the switchgear commissioning process
On-load tests constitute the final activity in the commissioning process of low voltage or medium voltage switchgear. They are carried out immediately after the newly installed equipment is energized from the power system, and they are the definitive tests in…...
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Nov 22, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Major steps in designing generation and power evacuation in large hydropower plants
Hydropower plants, one of the major sources of energy in countries with an abundance of water resources, have unique generation and power evacuation characteristics. From mere kilowatts to thousands of megawatts, they come in every shape and size. In this…...
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Nov 15, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
How to select grounding point(s) and how many generator or transformer neutrals to use
In grounding the neutral of a power system, the advantages outlined will be achieved provided that proper attention is given to the impedance of the circuit from system neutral to ground. This circuit is illustrated in Figure 1 for the… Read more
Nov 08, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn how to prepare for transformer acceptance tests and final inspections
Generally speaking, acceptance tests and final inspections of a transformer should not have any improvisations, but they usually do have. The essential purpose in carrying out the final tests on the transformer is to ensure that the design is as…...
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Nov 01, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Deterioration of high-voltage equipment foundations often neglected during maintenance
Foundations of high-voltage equipment (breakers, disconnectors, CTs, VTs, etc.) and other elements like transmission towers are often neglected in terms of maintenance and condition monitoring. In the long run, this can cause serious cost problems and power disruption. This technical… Read more
Oct 25, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
The art of the switchyard design: Case study of a 220/33 kV 200 MW wind farm
This technical article continues with the switchyard design series by studying the case of the 220/33 kV 200 MW wind farm switchyard in which the design steps are put into practice. Previously, a switchyard design methodology was addressed and it’s…...
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Oct 18, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
How breaker failure relaying works?
Primary relays operate for a fault in their zone of protection in the shortest time and remove the fewest system elements to clear the fault. On the other hand, backup relays operate in the event that the primary relays fail…. Read more
Oct 15, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
AC substation detailed design guidelines: Best practice, dos and don’ts
Substation design is a very complex process that involves many professional engineers in many different areas. However, there are always few people who are leading the whole design process both from the technical and economical aspects. This technical article covers…...
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Oct 11, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Practical troubleshooting of power interruption in fully operational 33/11 kV substation
Power interruptions are one of the most critical issues that require a swift and effective remedy in a power substation. The power utility substations in the voltage level of 33/11 kV, 11/0.4 kV are generally the major distribution hub and,…...
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Oct 04, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Design issues in HV busbar protection systems (substation topology and DC power supply)
This technical article discusses criteria and requirements for designing protection systems for busbars in HV/EHV networks. One of the most critical requirements is reliable busbar relay protection to assure power system integrity during fault conditions. This requirement is further emphasized because… Read more
Sep 27, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
The art of the switchyard design: Handpicked details you must consider without fail
This article deals with switchyard design and it’s divided into two parts in which switchyard design considerations are discussed in the first part and the other part presents a case study of a 33/220 kV transmission switchyard. This article discusses…...
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Sep 20, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
On-site transformer diagnostic measurements: The art of troubleshooting and maintenance
Transformer life management requires a portfolio of the different kinds of on-site electrical tests to be performed. This is where things get complicated. The purposes for performing these tests include fingerprint measurements of new transformers to characterize the initial status,… Read more
Sep 13, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Four abnormal operating conditions of a generator that could shut down the power plant
To be clear, the generator is very simple in construction and yet very complicated in operation rotating equipment. In a power plant, a generator cannot be considered in isolation because of a very large number of other equipment connected to…...
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Sep 06, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Practical design knowledge in harmonics distortion and power factor correction (PFC)
Nowadays, if you do not consider harmonics distortion when designing a new network, you missed the whole point of the network design. Yes, really. The sooner you realize that harmonics problems are on the rise, the better. Modern power networks… Read more
Aug 30, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Dos and don’ts for the installation and operation of energy metering in LV/MV substations
Energy meters are one of the most important components for monitoring and data acquisition in a power system network with roles in every part of the power system network, from the generation to the commercialized end-users, through multiple transmission and…...
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Aug 23, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
