Power Substation
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The mystery of nuisance tripping incidents in transformer protection that worry engineers
This technical article deals with transformer failure incidents due to nuisance tripping caused by various design flaws, operational conditions, or improper protection relay settings. The focus is on differential protection and ground protection, as they account for a considerable number…...
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Feb 22, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
Maintenance
Troubleshooting Buchholz relay and recommended actions during transformer operation
This technical article provides guidance on the possible causes of Buchholz relay operation and recommends actions following the receipt of a Buchholz surge trip or gas collection alarm. It covers both operational situations and situations that arise during the commissioning… Read more
Feb 15, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Functional testing of IEC 61850 based Substation Automation Systems
Testing the protection element settings of IEDs and protection schemes are well established practices when testing a Protection, Automation and Control (PAC) system. Tools and methods are available to support standardized and automated protection testing routines. Test plans can be… Read more
Feb 08, 2021 | By Christian B. and Eugenio C. at OMICRON
Medium Voltage
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Sizing of 110V DC charger for MV panels – Auxiliary power supply in power substations
An auxiliary DC power system that consists of a charger, battery bank, DC distribution system, and monitoring system is a critical part of the primary/secondary substation. It is directly associated with the mechanism of fault detection, trip coil operation, remote…...
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Feb 08, 2021 | By Bishal Lamichhane
Maintenance
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Recommendations for the successful erection of medium voltage switchgear
Electrical engineers working on project execution know that switchgear erection brings many challenges, no matter the voltage level. The switchgear cannot always be assembled in the factory and shipped to the site as a complete plant, so it is usually…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Feb 01, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Learn how to read and analyze control circuits of MV gas insulated switchgear (GIS)
The single-line diagram example for a double-bus and a single breaker clarifies several concepts that are for the GIS only. It is challenging to comprehend and grasp the control circuits due to the interrelated components and functions that impose additional…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Jan 25, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
Energy and Power
How to measure power quality? What devices should you use and what to measure?
Measuring power quality and finding a bugbear in the network which is messing with the power are considered a highly paid job. Every electrical network and its problems with harmonics, transients, or disturbances are unique and need careful planning, setting… Read more
Jan 18, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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Mastering GIS control circuits: AC/DC auxiliary circuits and circuit breaker closing circuit
A gas-insulated substation (GIS) is usually utilized in high voltage applications in which all conductive parts are encapsulated in sealed cylinders with SF6 as the insulating medium. The air-insulated substation (AIS), on the other hand, has air as an insulating…...
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Jan 11, 2021 | By Salem Alshahrani
Power Substation
Four ways of ensuring proper selectivity in MV/HV electrical network protection
Selectivity study of a power system is usually considered as an advanced job for advanced engineers, mostly relay protection engineers. This article will try to get close to a few important selectivity principles in a simple manner. It’s important to… Read more
Jan 04, 2021 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Hey engineers, wish you a happy and normal new year, 2021!
Just a short note from me today, the end of this crazy year. I’d like to wish you a normal and happy New Year on behalf of myself and everyone else at EEP. This year was like no other year… Read more
Dec 30, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Ten most dangerous mistakes in the operation of low voltage switchgear (you should be aware of)
Low-voltage equipment is generally classified as any equipment that requires a rating of less or equal to 1000 volts to operate. With a majority of electrically driven equipment falling under this category in industrial environments, this technical article focuses on…...
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Dec 28, 2020 | By Ezeala Winner
Electrical Lectures
The facts about numerical relays that every electrical engineer should know
The first protection devices based on microprocessors were employed in 1985. The widespread acceptance of numerical technology by the customer and the experiences of the user helped in developing the second generation numerical relays in 1990. Modem power system protection… Read more
Dec 23, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electric Motor
Troubleshooting the most typical winding problems of three phase electric motors
It’s always important to identify the real cause of burned windings and not just to replace the electric motor. Motor windings have a different appearance in all these failure situations: single-phase burnout, overload, unbalanced voltage, and voltage spikes. Voltage spike… Read more
Dec 21, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
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Mastering switchgear control circuits: trip, BCPU and alarm, indication, and interlock circuits
In the previous article, an introductory part of the switchgear control circuits, including DC/AC circuits and breaker closing circuit, was discussed thoroughly. This article continues the discussion with a breaker trip circuit, bay control-protection unit (BCPU) & alarm circuit, indication…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Dec 14, 2020 | By Salem Alshahrani
Protection
Exciting and inrush currents in transformers that often make protection relays go crazy
If normal voltage is impressed across the primary terminals of a transformer with its secondary open-circuited, a small exciting current flows. This exciting current consists of two components, the loss component and the magnetizing component. The loss component is in… Read more
Dec 07, 2020 | By Edvard Csanyi
