Five switching devices you are likely to spot in most of the low voltage switchgear
This technical article will try to shed some light on switching devices usually installed in low voltage switchgear – circuit breakers, contactors, disconnectors, load-break switches, switch disconnectors and fuses. There are many variations of these devices, but the core function… Read more
Dec 23, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
The analysis of MV/LV incoming supply configurations for large industrial plants
The metal-processing industry is an excellent example where you can find specific large industrial plants. Why specific? Maybe because in such plants, there are only a few individual large loads that have to be connected directly to the MV system…....
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Dec 18, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
The basics of fault protection for medium voltage motors
In principle, the protection of medium voltage motors is similar to low voltage motors, but the requirements are more demanding. Being closer to the utility source, medium-voltage motors are more susceptible to voltage sags and surges, reclosing, and higher available… Read more
Dec 16, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Where and why you should use thyristor switched reactive power compensation
Various aspects of reactive power compensation problems have already been mentioned in previous articles. However, because of consistency of this article, we will remind ourselves briefly on basic terms and principles related to this field. Reactive power is a sort…...
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Dec 12, 2019 | By Miodrag Kokotovic
Why substation equipment fails and why it’s wise to think of that much before failure
This technical article will try to shed some light on why and how electrical equipment fails and what’s happening before and during the failure of particular substation equipment like switchgear, power transformer, and cable installations. A deep understanding of all… Read more
Dec 09, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Notes in preparation of an MV/LV substation civil drawings and construction layout
MV/LV substations are not only a point of supply but also provide a means of network isolation in the event of faults or emergencies. In that manner, a detailed substation information and layout drawings are required for civil engineers to…...
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Dec 05, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Backup fault protection for generators in case of a failure at the generation station
It is a common practice to use the differential relay as primary fault protection for the generator. Backup fault protection is also highly recommended to protect the generator from the effects of faults that are not cleared because of failures… Read more
Dec 04, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Four special connections of current transformers in relay protection applications
As you should already know, current transformers are used for metering and relay protection purposes. When we are talking about current transformers used for metering, their performance is of interest during normal loading conditions. Metering transformers may have very significant… Read more
Dec 02, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Learn how to use PLC and VFD for pump control: Power and control circuits analysis
For the last several decades, every engineering task related to processing control is realized by the use of PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). If we are talking about induction motor control, which is the most common case, usually a VFD (Variable…...
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Nov 27, 2019 | By Miodrag Kokotovic
HV/EHV substation switching configurations, control and protection functions
The demand for power is growing rapidly due to increased industrial activities almost all across the world. Various generating sets of large ratings are being set up to meet this requirement. The generator, which is the source of power in… Read more
Nov 25, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Five substation building services that usually lack of proper design (and make troubles later)
This technical article introduces five main principles involved with substation control building and switchyard services that make a lot of trouble to substation crew if poorly designed. The article covers basic internal and external lighting design, heating, ventilation and air-conditioning…...
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Nov 20, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium voltage soft starter for heavy-duty motor control (operation and special applications)
A soft starter is an electronic motor controller used on three phase medium voltage squirrel cage induction motors. During motor starting, the soft starter controls the voltage or current supplied to the motor. Motor start performance is optimized by reducing… Read more
Nov 18, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
The wiring diagram and physical layout of the equipment inside the motor control centre
This article will provide a description of the most important equipment and working principle of a real case motor control centre (MCC). That is a usual name for a switchboard with the purpose of power supply and control of induction…...
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Nov 14, 2019 | By Miodrag Kokotovic
4 electrical quantities you MUST fully understand to select the right cast-resin transformer
This the basic question, but it’s important to start from the scratch. Well, distribution transformers link the MV to the LV system and step down the electrical power to be distributed to the intended low-voltage level (e.g. 400 V/230 V… Read more
Nov 13, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
12 on-site checks to inspect the transformer’s health
On-site inspection of the substation transformer usually exposes important condition changes and it initiates various suspicions that need to be investigated in detail. As with any other substation equipment, many things could go wrong during the transformer operation. For example,…...
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Nov 11, 2019 | By Edvard Csanyi
