The principles of differential protection you MUST understand

Although nowadays differential protection is achieved numerically, in order to understand the principles of differential protection it is useful to analyze the ubiquitous electromechanical relay. Figure 1 shows a simple… Read more

Dec 09, 2016 | Power Substation

9 rules for correct cabling of the Modbus RS485 communication systems

The cabling of the industrial communication systems (Modbus RS485) is different in some ways from the cabling used for power cabling and the electrician may experience some difficulties if he is not… Read more

Dec 07, 2016 | Industrial Automation

Shaping and connecting rigid busbars in low voltage switchgear

The busbars constitute the real “backbone” of every low voltage switchgear. The main busbar and branch busbars supply and distribute the energy. The same applies to connections between bars, whose quality… Read more

Dec 05, 2016 | Energy and Power

Gas insulated substation (GIS) versus Air insulated substation (AIS)

The metal-enclosed gas insulated switchgear inherently follows the criteria for new substation design and offers a higher reliability and flexibility than other solutions. Due to the gas enclosed design, GIS… Read more

Dec 02, 2016 | Energy and Power

What is an inductor and how it works (facts you must NEVER forget)

We have all heard the term Inductor many times, but what is it? Well, it is a passive element designed to store energy in its magnetic field. Inductors find numerous… Read more

Nov 30, 2016 | Electrical Lectures

Troubleshooting dead circuit by testing continuity with disconnected supply

Dead circuit testing is testing performed with the power disconnected from the circuit. The main benefit of disconnecting power supply while tests with an external energy source are performed is… Read more

Nov 28, 2016 | Energy and Power

3 good ways to improve earth electrode resistance

When you find that your earth electrode resistance is not low enough, there are several ways you can improve it: Lengthen the earth electrode in the earth Use multiple rods… Read more

Nov 25, 2016 | Energy and Power

5 transformer fault conditions and how to protect from them

A number of transformer fault conditions can arise practically in any time following some special situations. These include the following 5 most common internal faults and few external: Earth faults… Read more

Nov 23, 2016 | Energy and Power

Protection from fault current by automatic power supply disconnection

The use of protective conductors linking all the exposed conductive parts of all equipment creates a circuit called the “fault loop” designed for circulation of the fault current that arises… Read more

Nov 21, 2016 | Energy and Power

Traditional Star-Delta motor starting method used in practice

Due to their simplicity, robustness and cost-effectiveness, squirrel cage motors are the preferred choice of industry. During start-up, they develop currents of up to approximately 8 times the rated current… Read more

Nov 18, 2016 | Electric Motor

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