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The Essentials Of Low Voltage Installations, Loads and Loads Modelling
Electrical installations are power systems aimed at final low voltage electricity consumption in homes, offices, and small companies. In electrical installation, electricity is usually taken from the public distribution network. Recently the concept of electrical installation has slightly evolved, since the…...
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Apr 20, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
6 different types of relaying schemes to protect the EHV and UHV transmission lines
A substation can employ many relaying systems to protect the equipment associated with the station. The most important of these are: transmission and distribution lines emanating from the station, step-up and step-down transformers, station buses, breakers, shunt and series reactors… Read more
Apr 18, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Reliability Or Unreliability Of Capacitor Banks, Failure Modes and Case Ruptures
Several problems contribute to the overall reliability or unreliability of capacitor banks. In a detailed analysis of Kansas City Power & Light’s automated capacitor banks, Goeckeler reported that blown fuses are the biggest problem, but several other problems exist. Their automation… Read more
Apr 16, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Coordination problems in electrical networks that lead to nuisance CB tripping
There are a number of problems that commonly occur in industrial and commercial networks, and some of them are covered in the following paragraphs. Coordination malfunctioning is leading to nuisance tripping of circuit breakers and unwanted electrical effects. Let’s discover… Read more
Apr 11, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
HV Substation Equipment For Engineers In a Nutshell
Substations are locations where transmission lines are tied together. They fulfill a number of functions. One of them is that they allow power from different generating stations to be fed into the main transmission corridors. Power substations also provide a… Read more
Apr 09, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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The Essentials Of Substations, Electrical Equipment and Busbar Arrangements
Electrical power systems nowadays are generated, transmitted, and distributed in the form of alternating current. The electric power is produced at the power stations which are located in suitable places, generally quite away from the consumers. It is delivered to…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Apr 06, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
Communication Channels As The Weakest Link In The System Protection Chain
Protection engineers have a variety of communication channels to use for relay protection. This is a field in itself, and is very important for a discussion of the protective systems. Historically and currently, channels generally have been the weakest link… Read more
Apr 04, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Industrial Automation
How Sensors and Actuators Work Behind RTUs and SCADA Systems
RTUs (remote terminal units) are now made from small computers. Shortly after this began, controller algorithms were programmed into the RTU. Flow totalizers, power factor calculators, and logic solvers soon followed. Any function that can be described by a mathematical… Read more
Apr 02, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
The Most Important Tests For Medium Voltage Metal-Enclosed Switchgear (You SHOULD Perform)
The design of the insulation system for metal-enclosed switchgear is based upon life expectancy of about 30 years. However, environmental conditions such as dirt, moisture, and corrosive atmosphere can shorten the design life. Moisture combined with dirt is the greatest… Read more
Mar 28, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Medium Voltage
Design and Installation of Medium Voltage Switchgear (Facts You MUST Know)
When specifying and planning medium voltage switchgear for a substation, functions and influencing factors must be matched and an economically efficient solution must be found among the offerings of manufacturers. For this there is no simple recipe with an unambiguous… Read more
Mar 26, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Hardware and software components of energy management systems (EMS) and SCADA
The complete Energy Management System (EMS) system along with SCADA and the front-end systems have been identified as one of the more complex systems deployed. The only system that could be considered to be more complex than the EMS is…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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Mar 23, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Good Practice Rules For In-Process Inspection Of Low Voltage Switchboard
The purpose of in-process inspection is to ensure product conformity after each manufacturing operation. This process concerns all the manufacturing operations done by the workshop operators. Inspection during the manufacturing stage could be described by the following process: Inspection during… Read more
Mar 21, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Why Ground Fault Protection Matters and Which Scheme For Sensing Ground Faults To Choose
A ground fault normally occurs in one of two ways: by accidental contact of an energized conductor with normally grounded metal, or as a result of an insulation failure of an energized conductor. When an insulation failure occurs, the energized… Read more
Mar 19, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Understanding Substation Single Line Diagrams and IEC 61850 Process Bus (Depicting Relay Circuits)
The single line diagram (SLD) is the most basic of the set of diagrams that are used to document the electrical functionality of the substation. Its emphasis is on communicating the functions of the power equipment and the associated protection… Read more
Mar 14, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Reading and Understanding AC and DC Schematics In Protection And Control Relaying
This technical article explains the AC/DC schematic representation of the protection and control systems used on power networks. This includes AC schematics and DC schematics and diagrams that prominently feature relaying. There are other equally important types of drawings that… Read more
Mar 12, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
