Power Substation
Four ways to bolster the short-circuit withstand capability of HV transformers
There are many methods applied to bolster the short circuit withstand capability of the transformers: improvement of the materials, reforming of the design and good maintenance in the operation process and so on. However, this article deals with methods for… Read more
Jun 13, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
MV/LV Power Substations Design and Schematics Notes (Network Supply and Enclosure Types)
Early consultation with the local Electricity Distributor is essential for agreement on a mutually approved MV/LV substation to act as the intake point for a particular site. This consultation is usually before detailed knowledge of the plant or project is… Read more
Jun 11, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Critical role of time synchronisation in IEC 61850 based digital protection systems
The needs and exact precision of time synchronization in IEC 61850 based digital protection systems have evolved. With new technologies and better distribution methods, most modern intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) include at least one form of time synchronization. Many devices…...
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Jun 08, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electric Motor
Why Raise the Power Factor? The Basics Every Electrical Engineer Should Understand.
A low power factor causes poor system efficiency. The total apparent power must be supplied by the electric utility. With a low power factor, or a high-kilovar component, additional generating losses occur throughout the system. Figures 1 and 2 below… Read more
Jun 06, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
Communications in power system protection (medias, protocols and network topologies)
A communication system consists of a transmitter, a receiver and communication channels. Type of medias and network topologies in communications provide different opportunities to advance the speed, security, dependability, and sensitivity of protection relays. There are a several types of… Read more
Jun 04, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Design of primary and secondary power distribution in car manufacturing plants (BMW, VW…)
When power supply systems for car manufacturing plant are planned, each individual problem can be faced in various ways: by means of technical solutions that feature specific technical advantages. This means that both a thorough knowledge of the relevant industrial… Read more
May 30, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Current heat losses produced by electrical operational equipment in LV switchgear
It is widely accepted by all manufacturers that accumulation of heat (leading to overheating of devices) in switchgear is one of the greatest risks that could shorten the life expectancy of a switchgear, thus potentially damaging electrical and electronic devices… Read more
May 28, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
How optical communication cables work and how they differ from other cables
In several previous articles I mentioned optical fibre in the context of substation automation, protection signaling, communication between electrical devices, LAN communications, etc. Now I will get into details of fibre optic basics, design, jointing/termination and installation. Let’s start the… Read more
May 23, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
What’s really important to achieve in transmission line protection relaying?
As you already know, the real purpose of transmission line protection is to detect faults or abnormal operating conditions and to initiate corrective action. Protective relays must be able to evaluate a lot of parameters to choose and establish right… Read more
May 21, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Earthing In a Nutshell (Classification, Isolated Neutral, Methods Of Neutral Grounding)
The term earthing or grounding means connecting the non-current-carrying parts of the electrical equipment or the neutral point of the supply system to the general mass of earth in such a manner that all times an immediate discharge of electrical…...
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May 18, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
Lecture Notes In DC Electric Sources and Principles Of Electrical Circuits
DC sources refer to sources of electrical energy which are associated with constant voltages and currents. A DC power supply can be constructed as an electronic circuit operating from the ac mains electricity supply and designed for purpose. Alternatively it… Read more
May 16, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
The essential physics behind transformer differential protection (You MUST know)
Transformers are important system components available in many different constructions. The range of HV transformers reaches from small distribution transformers (from 100 kVA) up to large transformers having several hundred MVA. Apart from a large number of simple two and… Read more
May 14, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
The story of IEC 61850 – A substation level data acquisition architecture and communication protocol
This technical article reviews substation level data acquisition architecture and communication protocol described in IEC 61850. IEC 61850 is the current international standard for substation automation (SA). The focus of IEC 61850 is to provide an interoperable standard for multivendor… Read more
May 09, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
The Most Used Outdoor Switchyard Layouts You Should Know About
The arrangement of outdoor switchgear layouts and installations is mostly influenced by economic considerations, in particular adaptation to the space available and the operational requirements of reliability and ease of supervision. Contents: Switchyard layout in general Selected layout examples: Low… Read more
May 07, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
Cables
With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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High Voltage Cables In a Nutshell (Technology, Bonding, Installation and Service)
Differences between the electrical characteristics of overhead transmission lines and high voltage AC cables are fundamental and must be considered. This article gives a brief introduction to cable technology, with focus on the topics which must be considered when designing…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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May 04, 2018 | By Edvard Csanyi
