Transformer pre-commissioning tests and after-receipt checks you MUST perform

Once oil filling is completed, various pre‐commissioning checks and tests are performed to ensure the healthiness of the transformer (or reactor) prior to its energization. Various electrical tests must be… Read more

Dec 26, 2018 | Testing and Commissioning

15 bad situations that may lead to catastrophic explosion of a capacitor bank

Some of the failure problems associated with capacitor banks are already known, since they happen often. A few of the failures are traceable to the original source and sometimes that… Read more

Dec 23, 2018 | Energy and Power

The Essentials Of Voltage Transformers (Advanced Theory and Practice)

The most common voltage sources for power system measurements and protections are either wound transformers (voltage transformers) or capacitive divider devices (capacitor voltage transformers or bushing potential devices). Some new… Read more

Dec 19, 2018 | Protection

The essence of LV circuit breakers – Releases, tripping curves, characteristics and limitation

A circuit breaker is both a circuit-breaking device that can make, withstand and break currents whose intensity is at most equal to its rated current (In), and a protection device… Read more

Dec 17, 2018 | Energy and Power

Protection scheme for remote private substation with small generator

Connections of private substations to utilities are made more complicated with the addition of private-owned generation facilities. The choice of relays and their placement must be made to ensure adequate… Read more

Dec 12, 2018 | Power Substation

Typical utility-consumer interconnection configurations

The utility-consumer interconnection provides the path for power flow between supplier (utility) and user (consumer). The interconnection may comprise one or more circuits and is assumed to include voltage transformation…. Read more

Dec 10, 2018 | Power Substation

The logic behind switchgear interlocking systems in substations

Switchgear interlocking is installed to protect both the equipment and the operator from dangerous situations caused by incorrect equipment operation. It can be categorized as operational interlocking and safety, or…...

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Dec 07, 2018 | Premium Content ♛

Protection Of The Power System Heart – The Generator

This technical article gives key points about the generator protection. To recover the generator from various kinds of faults, the generator protection scheme of the plant must be designed in such… Read more

Dec 05, 2018 | Energy Generation

The Essentials Of Current Transformers In Power Circuits (Theory and Practice)

If the voltage or current in a power circuit are too high to connect measuring instruments or relays directly, coupling is made through transformers. Such measuring transformers are required to… Read more

Dec 03, 2018 | Electrical Lectures

Connection schematics of voltage transformers for protective applications

Voltage transformers would have primaries that are either connected directly to the power system (VTs) or across a section of a capacitor string connected between phase and ground (coupling capacitor… Read more

Nov 28, 2018 | Protection