Energy and Power
Practice for good grounding and bonding a home wiring system
All home electrical systems must be bonded and grounded according to code standards. This entails two tasks: First, the metal water and gas pipes must be connected electrically to create a continuous low resistance path back to the main electrical… Read more
Jun 19, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Lock-out tag-out practice and seven other steps that save lives
Lock-Out / Tag-Out (LOTO) refers to the specific practices and guidelines to safeguard employees from the unexpected start-up, movement, activation, energizing, release of energy, etc of machinery, equipment, plant, systems during service, maintenance or inspection activities. In short: To protect… Read more
Jun 16, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Protection
Pre-commissioning tests and in-service checks of protection system
The pre-commissioning tests need to be carefully programmed so that they take place in a logical and efficient order, in order that no equipment is disturbed again during subsequent tests. Before starting the tests, it is essential to ensure that… Read more
Jun 14, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Testing and Commissioning
Commissioning substation busbars in an efficient and modern way
The commissioning procedure of substation busbars for differential protection and other busbar protection schemes involves a large number of input and output circuits that require a verification check in both the primary and secondary circuits. This large amount of data… Read more
Jun 13, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Industrial Automation
Four most popular PLC programming languages for implementation of control diagrams
PLCs from different manufacturers can be programmed in various ways. Popular programming languages for PLCs are ladder diagrams, Function Block Diagrams (FBD), and statement list. With a few exceptions, a program written in one format can be viewed in another…. Read more
Jun 12, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Premium Content
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Transformer protection systems and their primary switching arrangements
The protection of power transformers is not just a question of detecting faults within the windings, cores, or tank. It’s very often a question of how the transformer is integrated into the station or system. The detection and clearing of…...
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Jun 12, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Monitoring
Philosophy of a good relay protection settings for machines and plants
The objectives of the protection system are: to limit damage to people and to the plant, permit different service conditions, guarantee maximum service continuity for the plant not affected by faults and activate the automatisms provided. The protection relays are normally provided for different objectives… Read more
Jun 09, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Did you test your electrician’s skills recently? Take the quiz. It’s time!
It’s always a good idea to put the sparks into your memory and shed light on things you have learned years ago. Whether you are a rookie in a field of electrical engineering or a professional electrical engineer or electrician,… Read more
Jun 07, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
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How backup protection is used to improve fault-clearing system in HV networks
All elements in the fault-clearing system do not always operate correctly. Protection relays may fail to operate or may operate unwantedly. Switching devices may fail to interrupt the fault current. Common practice is to use several protection systems operating in…...
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Jun 05, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Three earthing fault typologies and connection of the CB poles in a DC network
In order to break a short-circuit current in a d.c. system, it is necessary to connect the circuit breaker (CB) poles in a suitable way. To carry out this operation, it’s necessary to know the earthing typology of the plant…. Read more
Jun 05, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Renewable Energy
Low voltage ride through in grid connected hybrid renewable energy systems
Researches so far shows that, by 2020, around 20% of the total energy production worldwide will be generated from renewable energy. But the major problem with the standalone system is that the sources are not continuous. This intermittent nature of… Read more
Jun 02, 2017 | By sajna soman
Energy and Power
Twelve installation tips for implementing a good residual protection
All installations have an earth leakage current that is mainly due to the conductor’s capacitive leakage and to anti-parasitic or EMI filtering capacitors, for example class I equipment. The sum of these leakage currents may cause highly sensitive residual protection… Read more
Jun 02, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
Power Substation
Eight typical transformer protection schemes with correctly selected relays
This technical article shows application hints for typical transformer protection schemes where SIPROTEC 4 relays are used. Some of applications are small and large transformer infeed, dual infeed with single transformer, parallel incoming transformer feeders, and others like parallel incoming… Read more
May 31, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Generation of high voltages in the lab (AC/DC, switching and lightning impulse)
Benjamin Franklin – The man who dared to fly his kite in a thunder storm! In this technical article laboratory tests and test equipment needed to assess the performance of insulating materials and equipment are discussed. Laboratory testing attempts to… Read more
May 29, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
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Generator stability and what happens when it’s out of step
Generators can really be described as the reason for being a power station. The operation of the turbine-generator system is second in criticality only to the operation of the nuclear reactor and the associated HP steam systems. The fundamental principles…...
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This content is not available in your premium membership plan. Please upgrade your plan in order to access this content. You can choose an annually based Basic, Pro, or Enterprise membership plan. Subscribe and enjoy studying specialized technical articles, online video courses, electrical engineering guides, and papers.With EEP's premium membership, you get additional essence that enhances your knowledge and experience in low- medium- and high-voltage engineering fields.
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May 27, 2017 | By Edvard Csanyi
