Cables
8 tips to avoid ground loops when dealing with signal level circuits
General recommendation is to properly design and implement the facility’s grounding system to avoid unwanted involvement of ground loops with the operation of the equipment. This kind of approach can also eliminate the need to consider equipment modifications and to… Read more
Jan 06, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Low Voltage
Electrical Distribution Architecture In Water Treatment Plants
For both drinking water and wastewater treatment, 4 different sizes of plants have been distinguished. The size of plants can be expressed in quantity of treated water per day, or in corresponding number of inhabitants. Four different types of (waste)… Read more
Jan 04, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
5 good circuit schemes to avoid HV substation outage
High voltage substations are points in the power system where power can be pooled from generating sources, distributed and transformed, and delivered to the load points. Substations are interconnected with each other so that the power system becomes a meshed… Read more
Jan 02, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
2 approaches to analyse and solve series parallel networks
A firm understanding of the basic principles associated with series and parallel circuits is a sufficient background to begin an investigation of any single-source DC network having a combination of series and parallel elements or branches. In general, series parallel networks are… Read more
Jan 01, 2016 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Pull the switch and enter the 2016! Engineers, Happy New Year!
When I think of this year 2015… well it was a pretty busy year in general. A lot of published technical articles and various released electrical guides, tons of your comments. Believe it or not, in this year we had 14,6 millions of pageviews… Read more
Dec 30, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
LV Surge Arresters In Action Against Lightning
The site consists of offices (computer hardware, lighting and heating unit), a security post (fire alarm, burglar alarm, access control, video surveillance) and three buildings for the manufacturing process on 10 hectares in the Avignon region of France (probability of… Read more
Dec 29, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Smart Ways To Cut Down The Influence Of Harmonics
There are three possible ways of suppressing or at least reducing the influence of harmonics. The fourth way is a special case. Contents: Reducing generated harmonic currents Modifying the installation Filtering Special case – circuit breakers Generated harmonic currents can be reduced… Read more
Dec 28, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
Capacitive Voltage Transformers (CVT) For HV Measurements
Capacitive voltage transformers (CVTs) are used on higher voltage levels, starting from 66 kV and upwards. The type of the CVT is always a single-pole one, thus the connection is between phase and earth. The higher the voltage level is,… Read more
Dec 26, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electrical Lectures
Basic PLC program for control of a three-phase AC motor (for beginners)
While the lighting control system previously discussed is useful to explain basic PLC operation, a more practical, and only slightly more complex, application is start-stop control of an AC motor. Before examining the PLC program, first consider a hard-wired approach…. Read more
Dec 25, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Electric Motor
Five factors that mess up motor efficiency and how to improve it
It must be emphasised that the standard electric motor is already a very efficient device with efficiencies above 80% over most of the working range, rising to over 90% at full load. However, because of the high energy consumption, and the… Read more
Dec 23, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The Basics Of Circuit Breaker Tripping Units
The main objective of circuit breaker tripping units and protective functions in general is to detect faults and to selectively isolate faulted parts of the system. It must also permit short clearance times to limit the fault power and the… Read more
Dec 21, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Learn To Interpret Single Line Diagram (SLD)
We usually depict the electrical distribution system by a graphic representation called a single line diagram (SLD). A single line can show all or part of a system. It is very versatile and comprehensive because it can depict very simple… Read more
Dec 19, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The good ventilation of switchgear and transformer rooms
In order to design a good ventilation of switchgear and transformer rooms, the air in the room must meet various requirements. The most important is not to exceed the permissible maximum temperature. Limit values for humidity and air quality, e.g…. Read more
Dec 18, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Distribution of the MV neutral conductor right to the loads
4-wire systems are characterized by distribution of the MV neutral conductor right to the loads. This type of distribution is used in the USA and in certain countries influenced by North America, and is always subject to ANSI regulations. It… Read more
Dec 16, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
The basics of primary medium voltage switchgear
Primary medium voltage switchgear represents an important part within the primary distribution substation functionality. The switchgear works as a connection node between the outgoing distribution feeders and the in-feeding power transformers. The most common construction with the switchgear is an… Read more
Dec 14, 2015 | By Edvard Csanyi
