The essentials of designing MV/LV single line diagrams (symbols & drawings analysis)

First of all, power system designers should always communicate their design requirements through a combination of drawings, schedules and technical specifications. One of the key tools in developing and documenting… Read more

Jul 29, 2019 | Energy and Power

Learn how to analyse and check factory wiring diagrams of a MV switchgear

As already written earlier regarding LV switchboard, wiring diagrams are used to show control and signalization principle of operation inside switchboard. Usually they are given in form of electrical circuits…...

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Jul 25, 2019 | Medium Voltage ♛

Practical implementation of the six most common transformer protection principles

This technical relies on the previously published article (6 alarms coming from a substation transformer you MUST take very seriously), but is much more dedicated to the implementation of relay… Read more

Jul 24, 2019 | Protection

6 alarms coming from a substation transformer you MUST take very seriously

Transformers are the most expensive piece of apparatus in a power substation and therefore must have appropriate protection equipment installed to guard against various faults. This technical article explains a… Read more

Jul 22, 2019 | Power Substation

Example of 33/11 kV substation on-site assessment report

This technical article presents the shorten version of the report of an on-site assessment at the 33/11 kV Shatt Al Arab substation built in Iraq back in 2005. The assessment… Read more

Jul 17, 2019 | Power Substation

Critical aspects of a distance non-unit relay protection (you should understand)

Non-unit protection consists of circuits that measure and compare the voltages and currents at the relaying point. It is able to determine the location of the fault from these values…. Read more

Jul 15, 2019 | Protection

The magic I used to reduce harmonics in a plant (a real case study)

During last several decades, number and severity of electrical engineering problems caused by harmonic distortion have been significantly increased in both, domestic and industrial environment. This is mainly due to…...

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Jul 11, 2019 | Energy and Power ♛

Issues with distributed generation protection (bulk power and distributed generators)

Besides a number of benefits, there are some technical problems with relay protection of distributed generators. It turned out to be one of the most problematical technical issues since its… Read more

Jul 10, 2019 | Energy Generation

Practical tips for installing surge protection devices in low voltage panel

In an electrical systems, surge protection devices (SPDs) are usually installed in tap-off configuration (in parallel) between the live conductors and the earth. The operating principle of SPD can be… Read more

Jul 08, 2019 | Energy and Power

How harmonic filters prevent distortions in networks with high harmonic levels

The subject of this technical article are harmonic filters and their design. Filtering measures are recommended and may be required for electrical systems with too high harmonic levels. Filter circuits… Read more

Jul 03, 2019 | Energy and Power