Energy and Power
Case study – Improper grounding practice of computers in buildings
In a large office complex, computer errors including system crashes/reboots were happening during thunderstorms. The grounding of computer system had been carried out according to the recommendations of manufacturers. The grounding leads were insulated and terminated to an isolated grounding bus. This bus… Read more
May 14, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Maintenance
An example of calculating transformer size and voltage drop due to starting of large motor
Let’s calculate voltage drop in transformer 1000KVA, 11/0.480 kV, impedance 5.75% due to starting of 300 kW, 460V, 0.8 power factor, motor code D (kva/hp). Motor starts 2 times per hour and the allowable voltage drop at transformer secondary terminal is… Read more
May 12, 2014 | By Jignesh Parmar
Industrial Automation
Effects of Speed Variation on Rotodynamic Pumps
A rotodynamic pump is a dynamic device with the head generated by a rotating impeller. Thus, there is a relationship between impeller peripheral velocity and generated head. Peripheral velocity is directly related to shaft rotational speed, for a fixed impeller… Read more
May 09, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Industrial Automation
10 Strategies for Automation and Production Systems
Following the USA Principle is a good first step in any automation project. The USA Principle is a common sense approach to automation projects. Similar procedures have been suggested in the manufacturing and automation trade literature, but none has a… Read more
May 07, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
Earthing (grounding) transformer – Voltages during a ground fault
Earthing Transformer or grounding transformer is the neutral grounding transformer – star connected on the primary and has an open delta on secondary. Open Delta has two terminals. A resistor is connected across these two terminals. Whenever a fault occurs, voltage… Read more
May 05, 2014 | By Asif Eqbal
Transmission and Distribution
9 typical issues addressed in a T&D network planning project
Transmission and distribution network planning projects are highly individual, because in each case the special conditions of the supply area, load demand and geographic distribution, technical standards and requirements, current status of the existing system, etc., have to be considered…. Read more
May 02, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
What affects the operating temperature within LV switchgear
BS EN 60439 states a maximum indoor ambient temperature of 40ºC, a maximum daily average of 35ºC and a minimum ambient of -5ºC. As a general guidance rule, the temperature within the low voltage switchgear should not exceed 50/55ºC. If… Read more
Apr 30, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Industrial Automation
Purpose and Working Principle of Inductive Sensors
Inductive sensors use currents induced by magnetic fields to detect nearby metal objects. The inductive sensor uses a coil (an inductor) to generate a high frequency magnetic field as shown in Figure 1 below. If there is a metal object… Read more
Apr 28, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
High Voltage
An example of calculating the technical losses of T&D lines
There are two types of losses in transmission and distribution line. Technical Losses and Commercial Losses. It’s necessary to calculate technical and commercial losses. Normally technical losses and commercial losses are calculated separately. Technical losses of the distribution line mostly… Read more
Apr 25, 2014 | By Jignesh Parmar
Transmission and Distribution
How Best to Spend $450 Billion on Power Grid
Today’s power grid is suffering from a backlog in capital investment. While electrical power demand surged over recent years, electrical industry restructuring left utilities in a state of suspended animation. It is unclear who is responsible to make sure power… Read more
Apr 23, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Wind Power
Offshore Floating Wind Turbines to Reap Green Electricity
In present day world, wind power has become one of the rapidly growing energy resources and have even become challenging to the other conventional resources and now have become more quieter and efficient too. A revolutionary change in the wind… Read more
Apr 21, 2014 | By sajna soman
Transmission and Distribution
5 technologies to boost efficiency in the T&D system
One example of efficiency measures aimed primarily at the utilities that operate the T&D system is an initiative underway at the US Department of Energy to implement new efficiency standards for distribution transformers. These are the grey cylinders you see… Read more
Apr 18, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Transmission and Distribution
3 awesome HVDC projects in Australia you should know about
Modern HVDC systems combines the good experience of the old installations with recently developed technologies and materials. The result is a very competitive, flexible and efficient way of transmitting electrical energy with a very low environmental impact. It is important… Read more
Apr 16, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Renewable Energy
Overcoming barriers to renewable energy deployment
Despite some gains in recent years, renewable energy sources make only a modest contribution to the provision of modern energy services worldwide. Why is it so? The principal constraints to their growth are their costs and their unrewarded environmental characteristics… Read more
Apr 14, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
Energy and Power
8 steps to begin basic circuit design
What do we need to know? Clearly, plunging into calculations of cable size is of little value unless the type of cable and its method of installation is known. This, in turn, will depend on the installation’s environment. At the… Read more
Apr 11, 2014 | By Edvard Csanyi
