Comparison of Protection Relay Types
This comparison summarize characteristics of all protection relay types described in previously published technical articles: Using Protective Relay For Fighting Against Faults The Good Old Electromechanical Protective Relay The Solid… Read more
Jan 23, 2013 | By jiguparmar
Differences Between Earthed and Unearthed Cables
In HT electrical distribution, the system can be earthed or unearthed. The selection of unearthed or earthed cable depends on distribution system. If such system is earthed, then we have… Read more
Jan 21, 2013 | By jiguparmar
Power measurement in a three-phase system
Electrical power is measured with a wattmeter. A wattmeter consists of a current coil connected in series with load, while the other potential coil is connected parallel with load. Depending… Read more
Jan 19, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Underground residential distribution layouts
Where general appearance, economics, congestion, or maintenance conditions make overhead construction inadvisable, underground construction is specified. While overhead lines have been ordinarily considered to be less expensive and easier to… Read more
Jan 18, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
D.M.C.R. Protection Relay for Oil Transformer
Introduction to D.M.C.R. Faults detected on live transformer unit: Dielectric fluid level is detected as low Overheating is detected Excess pressure is detected Standards Possibilities of D.M.C.R.: Oil level control… Read more
Jan 16, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Purpose of Disconnect Switches In HV Substation
Switches may be of several types, the common characteristic is that none are designed to interrupt fault currents and the insulation or insulators associated with them must coordinate with the… Read more
Jan 14, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Testing and Commissioning of MV/HV Cables
Compare cable data with drawings and specifications. Inspect exposed sections of cables for physical damage. Inspect bolted electrical connections for high resistance using one or more of the following methods: Use… Read more
Jan 12, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Discrimination between residual current circuit breakers (RCCBs)
The operating principle of the residual current release is basically the detection of an earth fault current, by means of a toroid transformer which embraces all the live conductors, included… Read more
Jan 11, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Testing and Commissioning of Substation DC System
Power substation DC system consists of battery charger and battery. This is to verify the condition of battery and battery charger and commissioning of them. Following instruments will be used… Read more
Jan 09, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Environmental Stresses On External Insulation
The external insulation (transmission line or substation) is exposed to electrical, mechanical, and environmental stresses. The applied voltage of an operating power system produces electrical stresses. The weather and the… Read more
Jan 07, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Transformer routine test – The measurement of winding resistance
Measurement is made to check transformer windings and terminal connections and also both to use as reference for future measurements and to calculate the load loss values at reference (e.g…. Read more
Jan 05, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Geographical Variation in the Wind Resource
Ultimately the winds are driven almost entirely by the sun’s energy, causing differential surface heating. The heating is most intense on land masses closer to the equator, and obviously the greatest heating… Read more
Jan 04, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Brightness, Lamp Life and Efficiency of LED Fixtures
A typical LED fixture comprises four major component parts: an LED emitter, the fixture’s heat sink, driver and dimming control, and augmenting optics. The emitter includes the die, a thermal… Read more
Jan 03, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi
Lighting Circuits Connections for Interior Electrical Installations (3)
Continued from 2nd part: Lighting Circuits Connections for Interior Electrical Installations (2) The main reason for installing an emergency lighting system is to enable the building to meet fire safety… Read more
Jan 02, 2013 | By Emmanouil Angeladas
The Future of MOS-Controlled Thyristor (MCT)
The MCT is type of power semiconductor device that combines the capabilities of thyristor voltage and current with MOS gated turn-on and turn-off. It is a high power, high frequency,… Read more
Jan 01, 2013 | By Edvard Csanyi