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Home / Download Center / Electrical Engineering Books and Technical Guides / Power substation guides / Technical specification for construction of 33/11 kV 2×31.5 MVA power substations

11 kV Metal-Clad Switchgear

General

The 11 kV switchgear must be of the metal clad type suitable for indoor installation as per attached single line diagram. It consist of a single insulated busbar in air insulated busbar chamber metal clad, floor mounted unit, incorporating enclosures for the circuit breaker units, VTs, CTs and auxiliary wiring, relays, IEDs for SCS, port to SCADA of region DCC, potential transformers control switches, alarm lamps and indicating instruments and must be constructed in accordance with IEC 62271-1 and 62271-200.

Technical specification for construction of 33/11kV 2 x 31.5 MVA substations
Technical specification for construction of 33/11kV 2 x 31.5 MVA substations

The switchgear assembly consists of individually-grounded, compartmentalized steel structures. Each compartment has doors, barriers, and removable access panels to isolate the separate working functions.

The mimic diagrams showing the main components and their connections must be featured on the front panel of each switchgear compartment: 11kV – Red.

All cubicles, and other enclosures must be dust, damp and vermin protected. All cable connection must be arranged to suit cables, which will rise to the switchgear from a cable trench or, running along the rear of the switchgear. All control cable must be separated from the power cables.

General Arrangement

The 11kV switchgear arrangement is made up of several interconnected functional units, as shown attached layout drawing of each substation. The 11 kV switchgear system must consist of the followings:

Twenty (20) switchgear panels such as:

  • Two (2) incoming switchgear panel and
  • One (1) bus section switchgear panel and
  • One (1) auxiliary transformer switchgear panel,
  • Two (2) future capacitor bank panel and
  • Fourteen (14) outgoing switchgear panel.

Degree of protection

The degree of protection of persons against hazardous approach to live part must be IEC 60529.

  • For enclosures: IP40
  • For cable and breaker: IP41
  • For instruments: IP50
  • For busbar: IP51

Current Rating

Every current carrying part of the equipment including circuit breakers, current transformers, busbars, connection and joints must be capable of carrying its rated current continuously and in no part must the permissible temperature rise be exceeded, unless otherwise specified.

In addition all parts of the switchgear, including current transformers, must be capable of withstanding without thermal or mechanical damage, the instantaneous peak and short time currents corresponding to the rated symmetrical breaking capacity of the circuit breakers.

All current ratings specified are the minimum continuous values required under the service conditions specified in Service conditions section.

The circuit breaker ratings must be as follows:

  • 2500A, 25 kA for transformer circuits
  • 2500A, 25 kA for bus-section circuit
  • 630A, 25kA for feeder circuits and auxiliary transformer circuit
Typical single line diagram of LVAC
Typical single line diagram of LVAC

Busbars and connection

The 11 kV switchgear must be of single copper busbar type, rated continuously 2500 Amps, the bus bars connections and branches must be suitably insulated by proper insulating material and must be of constant cross section area.

The busbar chamber is to be air insulated and must be of constant cross sectional area throughout their length with connection as short and straight as possible. Busbars must be contained in a separate compartment within the switchgear cubicle, but busbar barriers must be provided between switchgear equipment to prevent the spreading of ionized gases during faults.

Access to busbar and the connections must be achieved by the removal of the bolted covers. Such cover must be clearly marked (BUSBARS). All branch busbar to the cable box chambers must be protected with proper insulation sheets between the phases and the earth. Suitable pressure relief facilities to discharge pressurized gases produced by fault inside the switchgear must be provided.

Important! – Note for (GIS) substation:

  • Fully insulated Busbar with all it’s branches and connection points with suitable insulation material.
  • All the connections between the busbar and the C.B – SF6 chamber should be throuth fully insulated plug-in type connection.

Interesting reading related to MV switchgears:

Lessons I learned during the start-up of an MV switchgear


Circuit breakers

The circuit breakers must comply with the requirements of IEC62271-100. The circuit breaker must be vacuum type, withdrawable type. The breaking capacity of the circuit breaker must be 25 kA.

Important! – Note for (GIS) substation:

  • The life parts of vacuum circuit breaker and 3-position disconnector device (ON-OFF-Earth) should be insulated inside the SF6 chamber.
  • All the connections to the busbar and to the line circuit should be done through plug-in bushings.
  • All the switching operations can be done without opening the panel door.
  • The circuit breaker should be vacuum type with life not less than 10,000 operations.

Interchange ability and isolation of circuit breaker

Circuit breakers of the same type and current rating must be interchangeable electrically and mechanically. The circuit breakers must incorporate horizontal isolation facilities and be mounted on horizontal draw-out trucks.

Rollers and their guide rails should be designed to facilitate alignment and leveling of the trucks during the truck is put into the breaker compartment.

Each circuit breaker must be connected to the feeder circuit through plug and socket type isolating devices, the devices must be of the off load type but must be suitable for operation whilst the bars or feeder circuits are alive.


Interlocks

Disconnector connected in series with circuit breaker can close only when the circuit breaker opens and none of the adjacent earthing switches are closed. 36 kV earthing switch can close only when disconnector is opened.

Interlocking between the disconnector and the circuit breaker must be carried out by an electrical means and the interlocking between disconnector and earthing switch must be of mechanical type.

All mechanical and electrical interlocks must be of the preventive type and must be arranged to prevent mal-operation. Interlocks must prevent any unsafe operation of the switchgear and must  ensure that the operator follows safe and logical sequence of switching device operations.

Interlock arrangements must be as stated in 5.11 of IEC 62271-200.

Title:Technical specification for construction of 33/11 kV 2×31.5 MVA power substations – The Republic Of Iraq Ministry Of Electricity (MoE) Energy Distribution Office
Format:PDF
Size:5.4 MB
Pages:222
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Technical specification for construction of 33/11 kV 2x31.5 MVA power substations
Technical specification for construction of 33/11 kV 2×31.5 MVA power substations

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8 Comments


  1. Zefanias Mabote
    Nov 07, 2022

    Why in the high voltage side the CB has 1250 A while the current is about 600 A?
    The same question for theow voltage side, why 2500 A for the CB while the current is about 1600 A.


  2. WAREZ ALI
    May 07, 2022

    I need to learn


  3. Ntando Mkhize
    Jan 05, 2022

    What the main tests to be performed on the control panel and switch gear before it is commissioned ?


  4. Mike A. Ezugwu
    Nov 23, 2021

    What I have seen is very impressive and a source of encouragement to Electrical Design Engineers especially at Medium and Low Voltage levels.
    I am impressed!
    I shall be visiting this site for reference in my Design assignments.


  5. Alaa adnan
    Apr 23, 2021

    Why the last drawing in this file not appear well, Pls if there another copy clear than this send to me on

    [email protected]


  6. Najib Saeed
    Nov 15, 2020

    It is better as I think to earth the neutral of the transformers through a reactance (single phase VT or single phase transformer) because the rating of the transformer is 31.5 MVA


  7. ANIL PAUL JACOB
    Jun 27, 2020

    Dear Ed
    I have a doubt on mitigation of poor power quality. Is it recommended to keep UPS connected during a power fail and DG is running. Will it damage any components due to power quality


  8. RADHAKRISHNAN
    Apr 16, 2020

    WE require 1600 kva 11/433 v oil type transformer schemaic line diagram

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